安徽阜阳方言许可义情态词强度等级研究  

A Study on the Intensity Scale of Modals for Permission in Fuyang Dialect of Anhui Province

作　　者：蒋静忠[1] 尚永云 JIANG Jing-zhong;SHANG Yong-yun(Hebei University,Hebei Baoding 071002,China)

机构地区：[1]河北大学文学院,河北保定071002

出　　处：《语言与翻译》2025年第1期35-42,共8页Language and Translation

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“认知视域下汉语时间量表达的理论构建和实践探索研究”(21BYY035)。

摘　　要：情态是一个跨语言的句法语义范畴,前人对汉语情态的分级问题进行了深入系统的研究,并提出了许可义情态不可以再分级的观点。本文立足于安徽阜阳方言的语言事实,提出了相反观点,并构建了阜阳方言许可义情态词语强度等级连续统:可以/准<管<能<终午<䞍(1)。文章还在前人基础上经过修改增补提出了许可义情态词语强度等级的形式化测试方法系统,包括并列测试法、连用测试法、应答测试法。通过调查许可义情态词在中原官话14个片区的分布情况,发现不同的方言系统对于情态分级的需求不同。这导致有的存在词汇分级,有的不存在词汇分级;有的词汇分级细一些,有的词汇分级粗一些。以阜阳方言为代表的方言系统还存在情态词语连用以加强情态等级的语用分级现象,但其加强程度受限,不会超过其上位等级。Modality is a cross-linguistic syntactic and semantic category.Previous studies on the subgrading of Chinese modality have been carried out deeply and systematically,and the view that modality for permission cannot be subgraded has been put forward.Based on the linguistic facts of Fuyang dialect in Anhui province,this paper puts forward the opposite point of view and constructs the intensity scale continuum of modals for permission in Fuyang dialect:keyi(可以)/zhun(准)<guan(管)<neng(能)<zhongwu(终午)<qing().On the basis of previous research,this paper proposes a system of formal test methods for the intensity scale of permissive modals,including the parallel test method,combination test method,and the response test method.By investigating the distribution of modals for permission in 14 areas of Zhongyuan Mandarin,it is found that different dialect systems have different demands for modal subgrading.This results in the existence of lexical subgrading in some dialect systems and the absence of lexical subgrading in others.Some dialect systems have detailed lexical subgrading,while others have rough lexical subgrading.In the dialect system represented by Fuyang dialect,there is also the phenomenon of modals combination to enhance the pragmatic scale,but the degree of reinforcement is limited and will not exceed the upper scale.

关 键 词：阜阳方言 许可义 情态词语 词汇分级 测试方法 

分 类 号：H172.4[语言文字—汉语]