基于bushing单元的滚动直线导轨结合部动力学建模  

Dynamic modeling of rolling linear guideway joint based on bushing element

作　　者：何秀权 雷声 毛宽民[2] HE Xiuquan;LEI Sheng;MAO Kuanmin(School of Computer Science,South-Central Minzu University,Wuhan 430074,China;School of Mechanical Science and Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中南民族大学计算机科学学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]华中科技大学机械科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《振动工程学报》2025年第4期697-705,共9页Journal of Vibration Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52105135);湖北省自然科学基金资助项目(2020CFB174)。

摘　　要：根据滚动直线导轨副的结构特性,提出基于bushing单元的滚动直线导轨结合部动力学建模方法,并通过算例仿真计算和实物实验,验证了利用bushing单元对滚动直线导轨动力学特性建模的有效性。基于零件的结合部能显著影响整体结构的动力学特性的特点,采用子结构法与模型修正技术结合的方式,识别滚动直线导轨的bushing单元参数。通过构建哑铃状结构的仿真算例,对bushing单元参数进行仿真识别,以验证识别算法的准确性。以仿真算例的三维机械结构为基础,以含有单个滑块的哑铃状滚动直线导轨结构为实验对象,通过实物实验识别导轨的参数并验证模型的有效性。在以上仿真与实物实验的基础上,设计制造了含有4个滑块的滚动直线导轨机械结构,通过理论分析和模态实验对比,验证bushing单元建模的有效性和通用性。以专用轮毂环焊机的床身⁃滚动导轨移动平台结构为实验对象,进行工程应用验证。结果表明:采用bushing单元模拟滚动直线导轨滚动结合部的建模过程简单;相同模态振型的有限元分析与实验测试获得的前5阶模态频率对比表明,基于bushing单元的单滑块滚动直线导轨结构的固有频率误差不高于5%;基于bushing单元的四滑块滚动直线导轨结构固有频率误差不高于12%;基于bushing单元的环焊机床身滚动导轨移动平台结构的固有频率误差最高为11%。The bushing element is established for dynamic modeling of rolling linear guideway joints based on the movement characteristics of guideway.The effectiveness of the bushing element is verified by the numerical and experimental examples.Base on the fact that the guideway joint has significant influence on the dynamic performance of the whole structure,the model updating technique combined with the substructure method is proposed for parameter identification of bushing element.A simulation example of dumbbell structure is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed parameter identification method.Based on the simulation example,a dumbbell structure with single slider rolling guideway is used for bushing element parameter identification and model verification.The effectiveness and universality of the bushing model is verified by a rolling linear guideway structure which contains four sliders.The engineering application of the bushing element is verified by the structure of rolling linear guideway moving platform of special ring welding machine.The results show that the bushing model is simple for application,the dynamic modeling error for single slider rolling linear guideway is within 5%and the error for four sliders rolling guideway system is within 12%,and the error of engineering structure of moving platform with four sliders is about 11%.

关 键 词：动力学建模 参数识别 滚动直线导轨 导轨结合部 bushing单元 

分 类 号：TH113.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]