广州市地表水中环境内分泌干扰物的污染特征与生态风险  

Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risks Assessment of Endocrine-disrupting Chemicals in Surface Waters of Guangzhou

作　　者：陈炳基 刘益 朱爱琴 胡立新 刘有胜 应光国 CHEN Bingji;LIU Yi;ZHU Aiqin;HU Lixin;LIU Yousheng;YING Guangguo(Guangzhou Ecological Environment Monitoring Center Station,Guangzhou 510030,China;School of Environment,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省广州生态环境监测中心站,广州510030 [2]华南师范大学环境学院,广州510006

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2025年第2期34-40,共7页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42377367);广东省自然科学基金资助项目(2023A1515012385)。

摘　　要：环境内分泌干扰物是国家重点管控的新污染物。为评估广州市地表水中环境内分泌干扰物的污染特征和生态风险,采集了珠江广州段干流及其主要支流14个点位枯水期和丰水期地表水样品,利用固相萃取-高效液相色谱串联质谱技术(SPE-HPLC-MS/MS)对54种环境内分泌干扰物进行定量分析,并基于风险商(RQ)法评估其生态风险。结果表明,两季地表水中共检出18种环境内分泌干扰物,浓度范围为0~8789 ng·L^(-1),检出浓度最高为双酚A(BPA)和强的松(prednisone),且在所有点位中均检出最高;环境内分泌干扰物的检出率和浓度呈现下游高于上游、支流高于干流,以及丰水期高于枯水期的趋势。生态风险评估结果显示,珠江干流点位的生态风险为低风险,但石井和猎德等纳污支流中,壬基酚(4-NP)和双酚S(BPS)等环境内分泌干扰物存在中、高风险,且丰水期的生态风险水平高于枯水期。研究结果可为广州市新污染物监测和管理提供数据支撑。Environmental endocrine disruptors(EDCs),categorized as new pollutants,are now subject to national-level regulation in China.This study aimed to investigate the pollution characteristics and ecological risks of EDCs in surface water within Guangzhou City.Water samples were collected from 14 sites along the Pearl River and its main tributaries during both the dry and wet seasons.A total of 54 EDCs were quantitatively analyzed using solid phase extraction(SPE)coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(SPE-HPLC-MS/MS).The ecological risk was assessed using the risk quotient(RQ)method.Eighteen EDCs were detected across both seasons,with concentrations ranging from 0 to 8789 ng·L^(-1).Bisphenol A(BPA)and prednisone were the most frequently detected compounds,present at all 14 sampling sites.The detection rates and concentrations of EDCs were significantly higher in downstream sites compared to upstream locations and in tributaries relative to the main stream.Seasonal variation was evident,with higher levels of EDCs observed during the wet season compared to the dry season.Ecological risk assessments revealed that although overall ecological risks were low along the main stream of the Pearl River,certain EDCs,including nonylphenol(4-NP)and bisphenol S(BPS),exhibited moderate ecological risk at specific hotspots,particularly in Shijing and Lide tributaries.These risks were more pronounced during the wet season.The findings provide valuable data support for monitoring and management of new pollutants in Guangzhou City.

关 键 词：环境内分泌干扰物 珠江 地表水 污染特征 生态风险 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]