2021-2022年夏季滦河口-北戴河海域浮游植物群落结构及年际变化研究  

Phytoplankton Community and Annual Variations in the Luanhe-Beidaihe Coastal Waters in the Summers of 2021-2022

作　　者：韩丽君 魏君 刘西汉 赵怡聪 郑灵巧 程林[2,3] 高翔 李磊 王毅波 HAN Lijun;WEI Jun;LIU Xihan;ZHAO Yicong;ZHENG Lingqiao;CHENG Lin;G AO Xiang;LI Lei;WANG Yibo(Hebei Province Ecology and Environmental Monitoring Center,Shijiazhuang 050030,China;Institute of Geographical Sciences,Hebei Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050011,China;Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Geographic Information Application,Shijiazhuang 050011,China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Ocean Dynamics,Resources and Environments,Qinhuangdao 066004,China;Shijiazhuang University,Shijiazhuang 050035,China;Research Center for Marine Science,Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology,Qinhuangdao 066004,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省生态环境监测中心,石家庄050030 [2]河北省科学院地理科学研究所,石家庄050011 [3]河北省地理信息开发应用技术创新中心,石家庄050011 [4]河北省海洋动力过程与资源环境重点实验室,秦皇岛066004 [5]石家庄学院,石家庄050035 [6]河北科技师范学院海洋科学研究中心,秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2025年第2期189-203,共15页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(22373301D,23373301D);河北省重大科技支撑计划项目(242S3301Z);河北省科学院重点学科提升工程项目(23A15,24A15);河北省海洋动力过程与资源环境重点实验室开放基金项目(HBHY04)。

摘　　要：滦河口—北戴河海域具有重要的海洋生态系统保护价值和经济社会发展服务功能,近年来面临较大赤潮灾害风险。浮游植物是引发赤潮的主要生物类群,阐明浮游植物群落空间、年际变化及环境驱动关系,对认识赤潮发生机制,防范生态风险具有重要意义。本研究围绕滦河口—北戴河海域于2021年和2022年夏季开展2个航次调查环境因子和网采浮游植物群落。结果表明,共鉴定得到浮游植物3门37属87种,以硅藻为主,甲藻和金藻较少。2021年浮游植物平均丰度(1671.16×10^(4)cells·m^(-3))较2022年(147.81×10^(4)cells·m^(-3))高一个数量级,但Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数平均值(分别为2.35和0.55)均低于2022年(分别为2.73和0.64)。2021年优势种主要为旋链角毛藻(Chaetoceros curvisetus)、中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)等,2022年主要为距端假管藻(Pseudosolenia calcar-avis)、大洋角管藻(Cerataulina pelagica)等。聚类分析表明,2次调查浮游植物群落均大致以39.55°N~39.65°N为界分为北侧、南侧海域。Spearman相关性和冗余分析表明,氮磷比、悬浮颗粒物和扇贝滤食是影响2021年浮游植物群落空间变化的关键因子,2022年则为盐度、磷酸盐。浮游植物丰度基本为波动年际变化,降雨、入海水量、种间竞争等是其年际变化的主要影响因素。浮游植物优势种基本为广温广盐物种,2013年后中肋骨条藻多次成为主要优势种,可能与降雨量和入海水量增加以及氮磷比降低有关,2022年距端假管藻、大洋角管藻等暖水种成为主要优势种,与当年夏季出现海洋热浪有关。滦河口—北戴河海域赤潮监测工作宜重点关注降水、营养盐浓度及比例的影响。The Luanhe-Beidaihe coastal waters are of significant importance for marine ecosystem protection and economic-social development.Nevertheless,in recent years,they have been imperiled by the recurrent occurrence of red tides.Phytoplankton,being a major inducer of red tides,understanding the spatial and annual dynamics of its community and the driving environmental forces is essential for deciphering red tide mechanisms and averting ecological disasters.In this study,two surveys were conducted in the summers of 2021 and 2022 to gather environmental and net-phytoplankton data.A total of 87 phytoplankton species from 3 phyla and 37 genera were identified,predominantly diatoms,with relatively fewer dinoflagellates and chrysophytes.The average abundance of phytoplankton in 2021(1671.16×10^(4)cells·m^(-3))was an order of magnitude higher than in 2022(147.81×10^(4)cells·m^(-3)),while the Shannon-Wiener diversity and Pielou evenness indices were lower in 2021(2.35 and 0.55,respectively)than in 2022(2.73 and 0.64,respectively).In 2021,Chaetoceros curvisetus and Skeletonema costatum were the dominant species,and in 2022,Pseudosolenia calcar-avis and Cerataulina pelagica took the lead.Cluster analysis showed similar patterns in both years,with the northern and southern areas clustering separately around 39.55°N~39.65°N.Spearman correlation and redundancy analysis indicated that in 2021,nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio(N/P),suspended particulate matter,and scallop filtering were key spatial influencers,and in 2022,salinity and dissolved inorganic phosphorus played principal roles.The annual phytoplankton abundance fluctuated,largely related to precipitation,river discharge,and interspecific competition,among others.The dominant species were mainly eurythermal and euryhaline.Since 2013,S.costatum’s repeated dominance may stem from increased precipitation,river discharge,and a lower N/P.The prevalence of warm water species like P.calcar-avis and C.pelagica in 2022 might be due to the summer marine heatwave.For red tide moni

关 键 词：滦河口—北戴河 浮游植物 空间变化 年际变化 环境因子 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]