AgNPs和AgNO_(3)暴露对赤子爱胜蚓和威廉环毛蚓体内Ag的亚细胞分布及其毒代动力学影响研究  

Subcellular Distribution and Toxicokinetics of Ag in Eisenia fetida and Pheretima guillelmi upon Exposure to AgNPs and AgNO_(3)

作　　者：孙玫 张婷婷 李敏 甘云杰 徐轶群[1] 陈子奇 刘海龙 王小治[1] SUN Mei;ZHANG Tingting;LI Min;GAN Yunjie;XU Yiqun;CHEN Ziqi;LIU Hailong;WANG Xiaozhi(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225000,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学环境科学与工程学院,扬州225000

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2025年第2期213-224,共12页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(42407003);江苏省青年基金项目(BK20220599);江苏省高校大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202411117142Y)。

摘　　要：纳米银(AgNPs)能够通过多种途径进入土壤,在土壤无脊椎动物体内积累并产生毒性效应。然而,目前有关AgNPs在土壤无脊椎动物体内的积累与亚细胞分布的研究相对较少,这严重阻碍了人们对陆生生态系统中AgNPs生态风险的认识。基于此,本研究考察了AgNPs在2种蚯蚓(赤子爱胜蚓和威廉环毛蚓)体内的积累与毒代动力学过程,同时,在亚细胞水平上研究了AgNPs在蚯蚓体内的分布。结果表明,蚯蚓依次经14 d吸收暴露、14 d排出实验后,AgNPs和AgNO_(3)的暴露均导致蚯蚓体内Ag的显著净积累,AgNPs暴露组和AgNO_(3)暴露组的赤子爱胜蚓体内的净积累Ag含量范围分别为0.20~1.37 mg·kg^(-1)和0.24~16.61 mg·kg^(-1),显著高于对照组(0.08 mg·kg^(-1));威廉环毛蚓体内的净积累Ag含量范围为0.11~0.62 mg·kg^(-1)和0.16~10.59 mg·kg^(-1),大多高于对照组(0.11 mg·kg^(-1))。一阶单室模型拟合的结果表明,赤子爱胜蚓对AgNPs和AgNO_(3)的排出速率常数(k_(e))范围为0.023~0.096 d^(-1)和0.002~0.102 d^(-1),而威廉环毛蚓对AgNPs和AgNO_(3)的k_(e)值范围为0.053~0.221 d^(-1)和0.058~0.221 d^(-1)。亚细胞分布的结果表明,AgNPs暴露组赤子爱胜蚓体内的Ag主要分布在细胞溶质组分(C组分,29%~48%)和小颗粒组分(D组分,25%~48%),而AgNO_(3)暴露组赤子爱胜蚓体内的Ag主要分布在C组分(62%~77%);与之不同,AgNPs和AgNO_(3)暴露组威廉环毛蚓体内的Ag均主要分布在D组分(AgNPs:35%~74%;AgNO_(3):58%~60%)。综上,相比AgNO_(3),2种蚯蚓对AgNPs的积累更低;而与赤子爱胜蚓相比,威廉环毛蚓对AgNPs的积累更高,但解毒能力相对较弱。以上研究能够为阐明AgNPs对蚯蚓的毒性效应和相关解毒机制提供有效信息。Silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)can enter the soil through various pathways,accumulate in soil invertebrates,and induce toxicity to them.However,current information regarding the accumulation and subcellular distribution of AgNPs in soil invertebrates is still limited,which severely hinders the understanding of the ecological risks of AgNPs in terrestrial ecosystems.Therefore,in this study,we examined the accumulation,toxicokinetics,and the subcellular distribution of AgNPs in two species of earthworms(Eisenia fetida and Pheretima guillelmi).The results showed that both AgNPs and AgNO_(3)exposure resulted in significant Ag accumulation in earthworms after 14 days of uptake phase and 14 days of elimination phase.The net Ag accumulations in Eisenia fetida exposed to AgNPs and AgNO_(3)fell in the range of 0.20-1.37 mg·kg^(-1)and 0.24-16.61 mg·kg^(-1),respectively,significantly higher than those in control(0.08 mg·kg^(-1)).Similarly,the net Ag accumulations in Pheretima guillelmi fell in the range of 0.11-0.62 mg·kg^(-1)and 0.16-10.59 mg·kg^(-1),mostly higher than those in control(0.11 mg·kg^(-1)).The results of first-order one-compartment model fitting indicated that the Ag elimination rate constant(k_(e))of Eisenia fetida exposed to AgNPs and AgNO_(3)fell in the range of 0.023-0.096 d^(-1)and 0.002-0.102 d^(-1),respectively.In addition,the Ag k_(e)values of Pheretima guillelmi exposed to AgNPs and AgNO_(3)ranged from 0.053-0.221 d^(-1)and 0.058-0.221 d^(-1),respectively.The results of subcellular distribution showed that Ag in Eisenia fetida exposed to AgNPs was mainly distributed in cytosolic fractions(fraction C,29%-48%)and granular fractions(fraction D,25%-48%),while in AgNO_(3)exposure treatments,Ag was mainly distributed in fraction C(62%-77%).In contrast,Ag in Pheretima guillelmi exposed to AgNPs and AgNO_(3)was mainly distributed in fraction D(AgNPs:35%-74%;AgNO_(3):58%-60%).In summary,compared to AgNO_(3),lower Ag accumulation was detected in both earthworms upon exposure to AgNPs.Pheretima guillelmi had a

关 键 词：纳米银 蚯蚓 积累 排出动力学 亚细胞分布 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]