PFOS及其替代品对摇蚊的急性毒性研究  

Study on Acute Toxicity of PFOS and Its Alternatives to Chironomids

作　　者：刘亚楠 陈文静 沈璐 刘敏[1] 陈晓倩[1] LIU Yanan;CHEN Wenjing;SHEN Lu;LIU Min;CHEN Xiaoqian(Bioassay&Safety Assessment Laboratory,Shanghai Academy of Public Measurement,Shanghai 201203,China;Foreign Environmental Cooperation Center,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100035,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市检测中心生物与安全检测实验室,上海201203 [2]生态环境部对外合作与交流中心,北京100035

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2025年第2期375-384,共10页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家重点研发循环经济关键技术与装备专项课题“卤代阻燃剂等典型公约管控化学品绿色替代技术研发——替代品生态环境与健康风险评估技术与方法”(2023YFC3905305);全球环境基金子项目(FECO-CS11)。

摘　　要：全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)作为一种持久性有机污染物(POPs),在全球范围内已被限制生产和使用,世界各国已加紧PFOS替代品的开发和评价。为了评估PFOS及其替代品对底栖生物的急性毒性,按照经济合作与发展组织发布的《摇蚊急性活动抑制试验》(OECD No.235)方法,开展PFOS及其替代品6:2氟调聚物磺酰胺(6:2 FtSaAm)、6:2氯代多氟烷醚磺酸(F-53B)、6:2氟调聚物磺酰胺烷基甜菜碱(6:2 FTAB)和6:2氟调聚物磺酸盐(6:2 FTS)对本土物种花翅摇蚊(Chironomus striatipennis Kieffer)和黄色羽摇蚊(Chironomus flaviplumus Tokunaga)一龄期幼虫的48 h急性毒性试验。结果表明,PFOS及其替代品对花翅摇蚊和黄色羽摇蚊的48 h急性毒性大小排序均为6:2 FTAB≈6:2 FTS<PFOS≈6:2 FtSaAm≈F-53B。其中,PFOS、6:2 FtSaAm和F-53B对2种摇蚊具有中等或高等急性毒性,其对花翅摇蚊48 h-LC_(50)(95%置信限)分别为9.11 mg·L^(-1)(6.83~12.4 mg·L^(-1))、14.2 mg·L^(-1)(11.4~17.5 mg·L^(-1))和14.4 mg·L^(-1)(12.5~16.4 mg·L^(-1)),而对黄色羽摇蚊48 h-LC_(50)(95%置信限)分别为48.6 mg·L^(-1)(42.1~56.6 mg·L^(-1))、27.4 mg·L^(-1)(22.5~32.8 mg·L^(-1))和25.6 mg·L^(-1)(21.1~30.6 mg·L^(-1))。相比之下,6:2 FTAB和6:2 FTS对2种摇蚊均无显著急性毒性效应,48 h-LC_(50)均大于100 mg·L^(-1)。与黄色羽摇蚊相比,花翅摇蚊对PFOS敏感性更高。此外,6:2 FTAB和6:2 FTS对2种摇蚊幼虫的急性毒性均低于PFOS,而6:2 FtSaAm和F-53B对2种摇蚊幼虫的急性毒性与PFOS接近。As one of persistent organic pollutants,perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS)has been regulated and/or banned to produce and use in the world.A lot of alternatives were developed and evaluated.In order to assess the acute toxicity of PFOS and its typical alternatives to two native sediment-dwelling chironomids,48 h acute toxicity tests were conducted according to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development testing guideline No.235.The first instar larvae of Chironomus striatipennis Kieffer and Chironomus flaviplumus Tokunaga were exposed to PFOS and its alternatives,including 6:2 FtSaAm,F-53B,6:2 FTAB,and 6:2 FTS.The results indicated that the acute toxicity of PFOS and its alternatives to two chironomids for 48 h were as follows:6:2 FTAB≈6:2 FTS<PFOS≈6:2 FtSaAm≈F-53B.Among them,PFOS,6:2 FtSaAm and F-53B showed moderate or high acute toxicity to two chironomids.The 48 h-LC_(50)(95%confidence limit)of PFOS,6:2 FtSaAm and F-53B to Chironomus striatipennis Kieffer were 9.11 mg·L^(-1)(6.83-12.4 mg·L^(-1)),14.2 mg·L^(-1)(11.4-17.5 mg·L^(-1))and 14.4 mg·L^(-1)(12.5-16.4 mg·L^(-1)),respectively.The 48 h-LC_(50)(95%confidence limit)of PFOS,6:2 FtSaAm and F-53B to Chironomus flaviplumus Tokunaga were 48.6 mg·L^(-1)(42.1-56.6 mg·L^(-1)),27.4 mg·L^(-1)(22.5-32.8 mg·L^(-1))and 25.6 mg·L^(-1)(21.1-30.6 mg·L^(-1)),respectively.By contrast,6:2 FTAB and 6:2 FTS showed negligible acute toxicity to two chironomids with 48 h-LC_(50)over 100 mg·L^(-1).Chironomus striatipennis Kieffer is more sensitive to PFOS compared with Chironomus flaviplumus Tokunaga.In addition,the acute toxicity of 6:2 FTAB and 6:2 FTS to two chironomids larvae was lower than that of PFOS.However,the acute toxicity of the alternatives 6:2 FtSaAm and F-53B to the larvae of the two chironomids was close to PFOS.

关 键 词：PFOS 替代品 花翅摇蚊 黄色羽摇蚊 急性毒性 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]