聚苯乙烯纳米塑料与镉对秀丽隐杆线虫运动行为的影响及食物链传递特征  

Influences of Polystyrene Nanoplastics and Cadmium on Locomotion B ehavior of Caenorhabditis elegans and Their Food Chain Transfer C haracteristics

作　　者：张诗晴 李雯雯 段伊蕊 杨亚宁 郭富裕 ZHANG Shiqing;LI Wenwen;DUAN Yirui;YANG Yaning;GUO Fuyu(School of Ecology and Environment,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241002,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education,Wuhu 241002,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学生态与环境学院,芜湖241002 [2]皖江流域退化生态系统的恢复与重建省部共建协同创新中心,芜湖241002

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2025年第2期396-404,共9页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：安徽高校自然科学研究重点项目(KJ2021A0102);安徽师范大学校级科研项目(2021xjxm052);安徽省建筑工程质量监督检测站专题科研项目(JZKY202102);大学生创新创业训练计划项目(x202310370787)。

摘　　要：聚苯乙烯纳米塑料(polystyrene nanoplastics,PS-NPs)和重金属镉(cadmium,Cd)广泛存在于土壤和水环境中,可通过食物链传递,对生物造成不利影响。为了探究PS-NPs和Cd联合暴露经食物链传递后对个体的毒性效应和健康风险,本研究选用大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli,E.coli)和秀丽隐杆线虫(Caenorhabditis elegans,C.elegans)构建简单二元食物链,首先将大肠杆菌分别暴露于PS-NPs(0.01 mg·L^(-1))、Cd(0.5 mg·L^(-1))和PS-NPs+Cd处理,随后将暴露12 h后的大肠杆菌作为食物喂食线虫。通过检测线虫头部摆动、身体弯曲、咽泵运动、平均寿命和子代数目等生物学终点,明确PS-NPs、Cd及两者联合暴露经食物链传递后对线虫生物学效应的影响。实验结果显示:环境相关浓度下,PS-NPs、Cd单独暴露以及两者联合暴露对大肠杆菌增殖的影响较小,经食物链传递后对线虫的头部摆动、身体弯曲和咽泵运动造成明显影响,但对线虫的寿命和生殖能力影响不大。另外,PS-NPs促进了Cd在“大肠杆菌-秀丽隐杆线虫”二元食物链中的传递,导致摄食者线虫体内Cd含量显著增加,由此引起的生态环境风险值得关注。Polystyrene nanoplastics(PS-NPs)and heavy metal cadmium(Cd)are ubiquitous in soil and aquatic environments and both can be transferred via the food chain,exerting adverse effects on organisms.In this study,a simple binary food chain consisting of Escherichia coli(E.coli)and Caenorhabditis elegans(C.elegans)was constructed to investigate the toxic effects and health risks associated with co-exposure to PS-NPs and Cd through the food chain pathway.E.coli was firstly exposed to PS-NPs(0.01 mg·L^(-1))and Cd(0.5 mg·L^(-1))both individually and in combination for 12 h.Subsequently,these exposed E.coli was used as food to feed the nematodes.The i mpact of PS-NPs,Cd,and their combined exposure via the assembled food chain on the biological responses of C.elegans was evaluated by detecting biological endpoints including nematode head thrashes,body bends,pharyngeal pumping,mean lifespan,and brood size.The results revealed minimal effects on E.coli reproduction when e xposed individually or in combination to PS-NPs and Cd at environmentally relevant concentrations.However,they potentially induced neurotoxicity to C.elegans after food chain transfer,significantly altering locomotion b ehaviors while having limited effects on the lifespan and reproductive ability of nematodes.Moreover,PS-NPs f acilitated the transfer of Cd in the binary food chain from E.coli to C.elegans,leading to significant accumulation of Cd in nematodes.Our findings highlight the necessity of paying more attention to the ecological and environmental risks associated with co-exposure to PS-NPs and Cd in the future.

关 键 词：微塑料 镉 食物链传递 生物毒性 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]