2019—2023年成都市郫都区小学三年级学生第一恒磨牙萌出及患龋情况调查  

Tooth eruption and caries status of the first permanent molar of the third grade primary school students in Pidu District of Chengdu City from 2019 to 2023

作　　者：李秋佳 江秀 杨万英 LI Qiujia;JIANG Xiu;YANG Wanying(Pidu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 611730,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]成都市郫都区疾病预防控制中心,成都611730

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2025年第4期470-474,486,共6页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的了解成都市郫都区小学三年级学生第一恒磨牙萌出及患龋情况。方法对成都市儿童口腔疾病综合干预项目信息系统中2019—2023年郫都区小学三年级儿童口腔健康检查数据进行分析。利用SPSS 20.0软件,率的比较采用卡方检验及趋势卡方检验,不服从正态分布的连续性数据采用Wilcoxon秩和检验进行组间比较。检验水准α=0.05。结果2019—2023年成都市郫都区口腔健康检查小学三年级学生54031人,累计第一恒磨牙完全萌出49155人,萌出率为90.98%。总患龋人数17520人,患龋牙齿42759颗,患龋率为32.43%,龋均(0.79±1.32)。女生第一恒磨牙完全萌出率、患龋率、龋均皆高于男生(P均<0.001),随年龄增加学生第一恒磨牙完全萌出率及患龋率皆呈上升趋势(χ^(2)趋势值分别为127.16、82.77,P均<0.001)。上颌第一恒磨牙萌出率(94.54%)高于下颌(93.56%)(χ^(2)=46.09,P<0.001),下颌患龋率(29.56%)高于上颌(18.48%)(χ^(2)=1819.90,P<0.001)。结论郫都区小学三年级学生第一恒磨牙健康状况不容乐观,患龋率及龋均较高。应提早关注儿童口腔健康状况,进一步强化口腔健康教育,让学生尽早接受口腔综合干预。Objective To investigate the eruption and caries status of the first permanent molars of the third grade primary school students in Pidu District.Methods The oral health examination data of the third grade primary school students in Pidu District from 2019 to 2023 in the Information System of Children′s Oral Disease Comprehensive Intervention Project in Chengdu were analyzed.Chi-square test and trend Chi-square test were used for the comparison of rates by SPSS 20.0.Wilcoxon rank sum test was used for non-parametric statistical data,and the test level wasα=0.05.Results A total of 54031 students received oral health examination in Pidu District from 2019 to 2023.A total of 49155 students had completely erupted first permanent molars.The eruption rate was 90.98%.The 42759 teeth of 17520 people suffered from caries.The prevalence rate of dental caries was32.43%.The mean DMFT(decayed,missing and filled teeth)was 0.79±1.32.The complete eruption rate,caries rate and mean DMFT of the first permanent molars of girls were higher than those of boys(P<0.001).With the increase of age,the complete eruption rate and caries rate of the first permanent molars of students both showed an upward trend(χ^(2)_(trend)=127.16 and 82.77,respectively,P<0.001).The eruption rate of the maxillary first molar(94.54%)was higher than that of the mandibular first molar(93.56%)(χ^(2)=46.09,P<0.001).The caries rate of the mandible(29.56%)was higher than that of the maxilla(18.48%)(χ^(2)=1819.90,P<0.001).Conclusions The health status of the first permanent molars of the third grade primary school students in Pidu District was not optimistic.The caries rate and the mean DMFT were both high.It is suggested that attention should be paid to children′s oral health status at an early stage,and oral health education should be further strengthened so that students can receive comprehensive oral interventions as soon as possible.

关 键 词：第一恒磨牙 萌出 患龋 

分 类 号：R781.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]