用于焊缝跟踪的TIG焊磁控电弧装置  

TIG welding magnetron arc device for weld tracking

作　　者：岳建锋[1,2] 邢恩成 刘海华[1,2] 郗迎斌 YUE Jianfeng;XING Encheng;LIU Haihua;XI Yingbin(School of Mechnical Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Mechatronics Equipment Technology,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;Hebei Yuehong Zhiji Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Hengshui 053000,Hebei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学机械工程学院,天津300387 [2]天津工业大学天津市现代机电装备技术重点试验室,天津300387 [3]河北岳泓智机科技开发有限公司,河北衡水053000

出　　处：《天津工业大学学报》2025年第2期92-96,共5页Journal of Tiangong University

基　　金：天津市自然科学基金面上项目(18JCYBJC19100);天津市技术创新引导专项(20YDTPJC01060)。

摘　　要：针对钨极惰性气体保护(TIG)焊弧压跟踪中采用传统机械摆动装置容易发生钨针与坡口的干涉碰撞问题,设计开发了一套磁控装置,利用外加横向磁场作用于焊接电弧实现柔性电弧往复摆动,通过提取弧压特征信号,获取焊枪焊接过程中的偏差量,用于焊缝跟踪。基于COM.SOL软件建立了磁控装置的有限元模型,研究了励磁回路、电流对磁场强度及分布的影响规律,并将此装置应用到TIG摆动焊接试验。结果表明:形成励磁回路能有效增强装置磁场强度;增大励磁电流,是最方便有效的增强磁感应强度的方法,对应的电弧摆动幅度也有明显提升;在保证磁感应强度不会大幅下降的前提下,焊缝跟踪时励磁频率选取范围应在4 Hz以内;在开展的对中、左偏和右偏2 mm的磁控电弧摆动焊缝偏差实验中,获得了规律性明显的弧压变化特征,为下一步磁控电弧偏差提取和焊缝跟踪打下了基础。Aiming at the problem that TIG welding arc voltage tracking in the traditional mechanical oscillating devices are prone to interference of tungsten needle and bevel collision,a magnetic control device is designed and developed.The transverse magnetic field acts on the welding arc to achieve flexible arc reciprocating swing.By extracting characteristic signal of arc voltage,the deviation value in the process of welding torch welding is obtained,which is used for seam tracking.The finite element model of the magnetic control device was established based on COMSOL software,and the influence rules of the excitation circuit and current on the magnetic field strength and distribution were studied.The device was applied to the swing welding test of TIG.The results show that the magnetic field intensity of the device can be enhanced effectively by forming the excitation circuit.Increasing the excitation current is the most convenient and effective way to enhance the magnetic induction intensity,and the corresponding arc swing amplitude is also significantly improved.On the premise that the magnetic induction intensity will not decrease significantly,the range of excitation frequency should be within 4 Hz during welding seam tracking;In the experiments of welding seam deviation of magnetic arc swing with centering,left and right bias of 2 mm,the characteristics of arc pressure variation were obtained regularly,which laid a foundation for the next step of magnetic arc deviation extraction and welding seam tracking.

关 键 词：磁控电弧 焊缝跟踪 COMSOL模拟 磁感应强度 

分 类 号：TG409[金属学及工艺—焊接]