蜻蜓气动布局双源动力长航时无人机设计与实验验证  

Design and Experiment Validation of Dragonfly Layout Dual Energy Source Long Endurance UAV

作　　者：王耀坤[1] 谢林博 邱玉婷[2] 张耀辉 WANG Yaokun;XIE Linbo;QIU Yuting;ZHANG Yaohui(School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Engineering Practice and Innovation Center,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院,北京100191 [2]北京航空航天大学工程实践与创新中心,北京100191

出　　处：《实验室研究与探索》2025年第4期42-46,共5页Research and Exploration In Laboratory

基　　金：航空工业集团航空科学基金项目(2022Z012051001)。

摘　　要：为了满足未来长航时滞空平台的发展需求,综合太阳能和燃油2种动力形式,设计了蜻蜓气动布局双源动力长航时无人机。该无人机仿照自然界蜻蜓外形,相较于传统单翼气动布局无人机升阻比更高;日照充足时使用太阳能动力巡航,夜晚采用燃油动力巡航;柔性太阳能电池板与机翼一体化设计成型,减小了无人机质量,提升了无人机续航性能。设计过程中,通过气动仿真、结构强度校核、操稳特性分析与能源管理系统仿真验证了该无人机的设计可行性。根据弗劳德相似准则制造缩比样机,地面与飞行实验结果表明,蜻蜓气动布局双源动力长航时无人机能满足超长航时的设计需求。Due to the development needs of future long endurance aircraft,an overall design scheme for dragonfly layout dual energy source long endurance UAV is proposed.The aerodynamic layout of the UAV is inspired by dragonfly in nature and has a higher lift-to-drag ratio than conventional aircraft design.The UAV uses solar power for cruising when sunlight is sufficient and switches to fuel power at night.The flexible solar panels are integrated into the wing structure to reduce the UAV’s weight and improve its endurance performance.During the design process,the feasibility of the UAV is validated through aerodynamic simulation,structural strength verification,handling stability analysis,and energy management system simulation.A scaled prototype is designed and manufactured by Froude’s similarity criterion.The ground and flight experiments confirm that the dragonfly aerodynamic layout dual energy source long endurance UAV meets the long endurance requirement.

关 键 词：无人机 长航时 气动布局 动力系统 太阳能 

分 类 号：V221[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]