断奶过渡期饲粮粗蛋白质水平对仔猪空体氨基酸沉积的影响  

Effects of Dietary Crude Protein Level during Weaning Transition Period on Empty-Body Amino Acid Deposition of Piglets

作　　者：侯磊 曹舒婷 王丽 蒋宗勇 HOU Lei;CAO Shuting;WANG Li;JIANG Zongyong(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture of Heyuan Branch,State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China;Guangxi State Farms Yongxin Animal Husbandry Group Co.,Ltd.,Nanning 530022,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所,农业农村部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室,猪禽种业全国重点实验室,岭南现代农业科学与技术广东省实验室河源分中心,广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室,广州510640 [2]广西农垦永新畜牧集团有限公司,南宁530022

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第4期2245-2264,共20页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1300402);广东省农业科学院科技计划项目(R2020PY-JG009);国家生猪产业技术体系(CARS-35)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究断奶过渡期饲粮粗蛋白质水平对断奶过渡期和保育期仔猪空体氨基酸沉积的影响,以期为仔猪低蛋白质饲粮氨基酸精准供给提供科学依据。选取125头平均体重为(6.39±0.03)kg的21日龄健康“杜×长×大”断奶仔猪,随机分为5组,每组5个重复,每个重复5头仔猪。试验全期(6~25 kg)分为2个阶段:断奶过渡期(6~11 kg)和保育期(11~25 kg)。断奶过渡期,各组仔猪分别饲喂粗蛋白质水平为16%、18%、20%、22%和24%的试验饲粮,试验期14 d;保育期,各组仔猪均饲喂粗蛋白质水平为19%的试验饲粮,直到其平均体重达到25 kg左右。2个试验期结束时分别采样,采用比较屠宰法测定仔猪空体氨基酸沉积数据。结果表明:1)断奶过渡期结束时,仔猪空体蛋白质含量和空体蛋白质中赖氨酸含量随饲粮粗蛋白质水平提高而线性提高(P<0.05)。2)断奶过渡期,仔猪空体蛋白质沉积和空体蛋白质沉积的赖氨酸含量随饲粮粗蛋白质水平提高而线性提高(P<0.05)。3)断奶过渡期,仔猪空体蛋白质沉积的标准回肠可消化赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸和缬氨酸沉积效率随饲粮粗蛋白质水平提高而线性提高(P<0.05),蛋白质沉积效率随饲粮粗蛋白质水平提高而线性降低(P<0.05)。4)断奶过渡期饲粮粗蛋白质水平对保育期和试验全期仔猪空体氨基酸沉积无显著影响(P>0.05)。由此可见,提高仔猪断奶过渡期饲粮粗蛋白质水平可以提高仔猪断奶过渡期空体氨基酸沉积,但对保育期和试验全期空体氨基酸沉积无显著影响。本试验以蛋白质沉积效率为评价指标利用折线线性模型估测,断奶过渡期仔猪饲粮的适宜粗蛋白质水平为18.67%,每日粗蛋白质需要量为82.34 g/d。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary crude protein level during weaning transition period on the empty-body amino acid deposition of piglets during weaning transition period and nursery period,to provide scientific basis for the study of precise supply of amino acids of piglets fed low protein diets.A total of 125 twenty-one-day-old“Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire”weaned piglets with average body weight of(6.39±0.03)kg were randomly divided into 5 groups with 5 replicates per group and 5 piglets per replicate.The whole experimental period(6 to 25 kg)was divided into two phases:weaning transition period(6 to 11 kg)and nursery period(11 to 25 kg).During the weaning transition period,piglets were fed experimental diets with crude protein levels of 16%,18%,20%,22%and 24%for 14 days,respectively;during the nursery period,piglets were all fed experimental diet with crude protein level of 19%until they reached an average body weight of approximately 25 kg.Sample was conducted at the end of 2 phases,and empty-body amino acid deposition data of piglets were determined using the comparative slaughter method.The results showed as follows:1)at the end of weaning transition period,the empty-body protein content and lysine content in empty-body protein composition of piglets were linearly increased with dietary crude protein levels increasing(P<0.05).2)During the weaning transition period,the empty-body protein deposition and lysine content in empty-body protein deposition of piglets were linearly increased with dietary crude protein levels increasing(P<0.05).3)During the weaning transition period,the utilization efficiencies of standardized ileal digestible lysine,methionine,threonine,and valine in empty-body protein deposition of piglets were linearly increased with dietary crude protein levels increasing(P<0.05),while the protein utilization efficiency was linearly decreased with dietary crude protein levels increasing(P<0.05).4)Dietary crude protein levels during the weaning transition period

关 键 词：仔猪 粗蛋白质 氨基酸 沉积效率 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]