不同蛋白质来源饲粮对育肥猪生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、血清指标和肠道微生物菌群的影响  

Effects of Diets with Different Protein Sources on Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility,Serum Indices and Gut Microbiota of Finishing Pigs

作　　者：何振涛 刘帅 肖华钦 赵英杰 陈少珍 王瑞 杨晗潇 郑华昱 林智健 温晓鹿 吴绮雯 杨雪芬 高开国 曹舒婷 蒋宗勇 王丽 HE Zhentao;LIU Shuai;XIAO Huaqin;ZHAO Yingjie;CHEN Shaozhen;WANG Rui;YANG Hanxiao;ZHENG Huayu;LIN Zhijian;WEN Xiaolu;WU Qiwen;YANG Xuefen;GAO Kaiguo;CAO Shuting;JIANG Zongyong;WANG Li(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所,猪禽种业全国重点实验室,农业农村部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室,广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第4期2296-2308,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1300402);广东省农业科学院科技计划(R2020PY-JG009,202106TD);国家生猪产业技术体系(CARS-35);广东省乡村振兴战略专项资金(2023TS-3-1);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目和茂名实验室发展项目(2021ZZ003);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2021A151110636,2021A1515110636)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在研究不同蛋白质来源饲粮对育肥猪生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、血清免疫指标、血清生化指标、结肠内容物短链脂肪酸含量和结肠微生物菌群的影响。选择初始体重为(97.27±0.22)kg的72头健康“杜×长×大”育肥猪,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复3头猪。4组分别饲喂玉米-豆粕-菜籽粕(CSR组)、玉米-豆粕-棉籽粕(CSC组)、玉米-豆粕-葵花籽粕(CSS组)和玉米-混合杂粕(CMM组)饲粮,各组饲粮粗蛋白质水平一致。结果表明:1)CSS组的料重比显著低于CSR组(P<0.05)。2)CSS组的粗蛋白质表观消化率显著高于CMM组(P<0.05),CSR组的粗脂肪表观消化率显著高于CMM组(P<0.05),CSR组和CSS组的总能表观消化率显著高于CMM组(P<0.05)。3)各组之间血清炎症因子和免疫球蛋白含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。CMM组的血清肌酐含量显著高于CSR组(P<0.05),CMM组的血清甘油三酯含量显著高于CSR组和CSS组(P<0.05),CSS组的血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著高于CSR组和CSC组(P<0.05),CMM组的血清总胆红素含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。4)各组之间结肠内容物短链脂肪酸含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。5)4组相对丰度排行前3的肠道优势菌门均为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)。综上所述,不同蛋白质来源饲粮对育肥猪血清炎症因子和免疫球蛋白含量、结肠内容物短链脂肪酸含量和肠道菌群多样性未表现出显著影响。这些结果有助于进一步开发杂粕(菜籽粕、棉籽粕+葵花籽粕)在育肥猪饲粮中的应用。This study aimed to investigate the effects of diets with different protein sources on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility,serum immune indices,serum biochemical indices,contents of short-chain fatty acids in colonic contents and intestinal microbiota of finishing pigs.A total of 72 healthy finishing pigs(Duroc×Landrace×Large White)with an initial body weight of(97.27±0.22)kg were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 3 pigs per replicate.The 4 groups fed the corn-soybean meal-rapeseed meal(CSR group),corn-soybean meal-cottonseed meal(CSC group),corn-soybean meal-sunflower meal(CSS group)and corn-mixed meal(CMM group)diet,respectively,and the dietary crude protein levels of each group were consistent.The results showed as follows:1)the feed to gain ratio of CSS group was significantly lower than that of CSR group(P<0.05).2)the crude protein apparent digestibility of CSS group was significantly higher than that of CMM group(P<0.05),the ether extract apparent digestibility of CSR group was significantly higher than that of CMM group(P<0.05),and the gross energy apparent digestibility of CSR and CSS groups was significantly higher than that of CMM group(P<0.05).3)There were no significant differences in serum inflammatory factors and immunoglobulin contents among all groups(P>0.05).The serum creatinine content of CMM group was significantly higher than that of CSR group(P<0.05),the serum triglyceride content of CMM group was significantly higher than that of CSR and CSS groups(P<0.05),the serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol content of CSS group was significantly higher than that of CSR and CSC groups(P<0.05),and the serum total bilirubin content of CMM group was significantly higher than that of other groups(P<0.05).4)There were no significant differences in contents of short-chain fatty acids in colonic contents among all groups(P>0.05).5)The relative abundant top 3 intestinal dominant bacteria phylum of 4 groups were Firmicutes,Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes.In co

关 键 词：蛋白质来源 育肥猪 生长性能 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]