1~70日龄番鸭血浆游离氨基酸代谢谱动态变化  

Dynamic Changes of Plasma Free Amino Acid Metabolic Profiles in Muscovy Ducks from 1 to 70 Days of Age

作　　者：张俊杰 侯萌 杨彩梅 温洋 曾洪波 肖英平[2] 吕文涛 杨华[2] ZHANG Junjie;HOU Meng;YANG Caimei;WEN Yang;ZENG Hongbo;XIAO Yingping;LYU Wentao;YANG Hua(College of Animal Science and Technologyo College of Veterinary Medicine,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China;State Key Laboratory of Hazard Factors and Risk Prevention and Control of Agricultural Product Quality and Safety,Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学动物科技学院·动物医学院,杭州311300 [2]浙江省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所,省部共建农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室,杭州310021

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第4期2392-2404,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32202704);国家水禽现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助项目(CARS-42-27)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究番鸭生长发育过程中血浆游离氨基酸代谢谱的动态变化。试验选用同一批次生长状况良好的健康番鸭200羽,分别在番鸭1、3、7、14、28、42、70日龄时禁食后采集静脉血并测定血浆中游离氨基酸含量。结果显示:番鸭血浆游离总氨基酸、必需氨基酸、非必需氨基酸含量随日龄增长均表现出一定的动态变化规律。其中,番鸭血浆游离必需氨基酸含量在7日龄时相较于1日龄显著提高(P<0.05),而在14、28日龄时则显著低于3、7日龄(P<0.05),42日龄时再次显著上升(P<0.05);番鸭血浆游离非必需氨基酸含量整体表现出较大的变化幅度,其中2个峰值出现在3和42日龄时,显著高于1、14和28日龄(P<0.05);番鸭血浆游离总氨基酸含量的总体变化趋势与游离必需氨基酸含量变化趋势较为接近,但变化幅度更小,1、14和28日龄显著低于3、7、42日龄(P<0.05)。通过对数据进行主成分分析发现,番鸭血浆游离氨基酸主成分随日龄增长表现出了较大的差异,其中1日龄时番鸭血浆游离氨基酸含量相较于其他日龄时有着明显的聚类差异。通过变量投影重要度(VIP)对番鸭血浆游离氨基酸及其衍生物进行分析,筛选出了苏氨酸、丙氨酸、牛磺酸、丝氨酸、脯氨酸、肌肽、精氨酸、缬氨酸、酪氨酸、亮氨酸、甘氨酸、苯丙氨酸、尿素等13种物质。这些物质的VIP值均大于1,表明这些氨基酸及氨基酸衍生物对番鸭血浆游离氨基酸组成和含量的差异有较大的贡献度。进一步进行偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)发现,苏氨酸、牛磺酸和尿素相较于其他物质对番鸭不同日龄样品差异的贡献率最大,是不同日龄番鸭血浆代谢谱的关键物质。本研究不仅揭示了番鸭血浆游离氨基酸含量随日龄变化的规律,而且识别出了关键氨基酸,可为优化番鸭的饲养管理提供科学依据。The aim of this experiment was to study the dynamic changes on the metabolic profiles of plasma free amino acids in Muscovy ducks during growth and development.Two hundred healthy Muscovy ducks with good growth status were selected from the same batch.Venous blood was collected after fasting at the age of 1,3,7,14,28,42 and 70 days,respectively,and the contents of free amino acids in plasma were determined.The results showed that the contents of free total amino acids,essential amino acids and non-essential amino acid in plasma of Muscovy ducks exhibited certain dynamic changes with the increase of age.The plasma free essential amino acid content of Muscovy ducks increased significantly at 7 days of age compared with 1 day of age,while the free essential amino acid content at 14 and 28 days of age was significantly lower than that at 3 and 7 days of age(P<0.05),and it increased again at 42 days of age(P<0.05).The plasma free non-essential amino acid content of Muscovy ducks showed a wide range of variation,with the peaks of non-essential amino acid content at 3 and 42 days of age,which were significantly higher than those at 1,14 and 28 days of age(P<0.05).The overall trend of plasma total free amino acid content in Muscovy ducks was similar to that of free essential amino acid content,but the magnitude of change was smaller,and the plasma total free amino acid content at 1,14 and 28 days of age was significantly lower than that at 3,7 and 42 days of age(P<0.05).The principal component analysis of the data revealed that the principal components of plasma free amino acids in Muscovy ducks showed large differences with the increased of age,with the plasma free amino acid contents of Muscovy ducks at 1 day of age showing significant clustering differences compared with other age stages.The plasma free amino acids and amino acid derivatives of Muscovy ducks were analyzed by the variable importance in the project(VIP),and 13 substances,including threonine,alanine,taurine,serine,proline,carnosine,arginine,valine,tyrosi

关 键 词：番鸭 血浆 游离氨基酸 代谢谱 

分 类 号：S834[农业科学—畜牧学]