7种常用饲料的水牛瘤胃外流速率  

Ruminal Outflow Rates of Seven Kinds of Regular Feedstuffs in Buffaloes

作　　者：唐庆凤[1,2,3,4] 卜泽明 黄雅莉 罗华东 黄晓华 覃呈欢 邱冬文 林波 孔志伟[1,2,3] 邹彩霞 TANG Qingfeng;BU Zeming;HUANG Yali;LUO Huadong;HUANG Xiaohua;QIN Chenghuan;QIU Dongwen;LIN Bo;KONG Zhiwei;ZOU Caixia(College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding,Disease Control and Prevention,Nanning 530004,China;Science and Technology Backyard of Guangxi Fusui Dairy Industry,Chongzuo 532100,China;Buffalo Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530001,China;Guangxi Monitoring Institute of Feed,Nanning 530001,China;Guangxi Agricultural Vocational and Technical University,Nanning 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学动物科技学院,南宁530004 [2]广西畜禽繁育与疾病防控重点实验室,南宁530004 [3]广西扶绥乳业科技小院,崇左532100 [4]中国农业科学院广西水牛研究所,南宁530001 [5]广西壮族自治区饲料监测所,南宁530001 [6]广西农业职业技术大学,南宁530007

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第4期2454-2465,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：广西科技重大专项项目(桂科AA22068099-5);广西自然科学基金项目(2021GXNSFAA196034)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在测定水牛常用的4种粗饲料和3种精饲料的瘤胃外流速率,并分析外流速率普遍采用的参考值与实测值对所测饲料瘤胃有效降解率的影响。选取3头体况良好、体重[(530.67±2.67)kg]相近且安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的三品杂奶水牛(尼里拉菲×摩拉水牛×广西本地沼泽型水牛)作为试验动物。待测瘤胃外流速率的4种粗饲料分别为青贮玉米、花生藤、白酒糟和麦芽渣,3种精饲料分别为玉米、豆粕和麦麸,并采用瘤胃尼龙袋法测定这7种饲料的瘤胃有效降解率。结果显示:1)水牛采食青贮玉米、花生藤、白酒糟和麦芽渣4种铬标记粗饲料后粪中铬浓度达到高峰的时间为28~32 h,采食玉米、豆粕和麦麸3种铬标记精饲料后则为24~28 h。2)不同饲料的水牛瘤胃外流速率不同。青贮玉米、花生藤、白酒糟、啤酒渣、玉米、麦麸和豆粕的水牛瘤胃外流速率分别为4.24%/h、3.90%/h、4.09%/h、3.77%/h、3.91%/h、3.70%/h和4.58%/h。3)基于瘤胃外流速率参考值和实测值计算所得7种饲料的干物质、粗蛋白质及有机物瘤胃有效降解率差异较大,其中青贮玉米、花生藤采用参考值计算所得数值全部高于采用实测值计算所得数值,玉米、麦麸和豆粕采用参考值计算所得数值全部均低于采用实测值计算所得数值。由此可见,不同饲料的水牛瘤胃外流速率不同,基于瘤胃外流速率参考值与实测值计算的饲料瘤胃有效降解率结果大部分差异较大,在饲料瘤胃有效降解率研究中,建议实测瘤胃外流速率以确保结果准确性。The present study aimed to determine the ruminal outflow rates of four common roughages and three common concentrates for buffaloes and analyze the impact of commonly adopted reference values versus measured values of ruminal outflow rates on the ruminal effective degradability of these feedstuffs.Three healthy,similarly weighted[(530.67±2.67)kg]crossbred buffaloes(Nili-Ravi×Murrah×Guangxi local swamp buffalo)fitted with permanent ruminal cannulas were selected as experimental animals.The four roughages assessed for ruminal outflow rate were corn silage,peanut vine,distiller’s grains,and malt residues,while the three concentrates were corn,soybean meal,and wheat bran.The effective ruminal degradability of these seven feedstuffs was determined using the nylon bag technique.The results showed as follows:1)the time to reach peak chromium concentration in feces after ingestion of chromium-marked corn silage,peanut vine,distiller’s grains and brewer’s grains was 28 to 32 hours,compared to 24 to 28 h for chromium-marked corn,soybean meal and wheat bran.2)The ruminal outflow rates varied among different feedstuffs,with values of 4.24%/h,3.90%/h,4.09%/h,3.77%/h,3.91%/h,3.70%/h,and 4.58%/h for corn silage,peanut vine,distiller’s grains,brewer’s grains,corn,wheat bran,and soybean meal,respectively.3)The difference of ruminal effective degradability of dry matter,crude protein and organic matter in the seven types of feedstuffs calculated by the reference and actual measured values of ruminal outflow rate were obvious.Specifically,for corn silage and peanut vine,the values calculated using the reference values were all higher than those calculated using the actual measured values.For corn,wheat bran,and soybean meal,the values calculated using the reference values were all lower than those calculated using the actual measured values.It can be concluded that the ruminal outflow rate differs with different types of feedstuffs.There are notable discrepancies in the calculated ruminal effective degradability of fee

关 键 词：瘤胃外流速率 水牛 实测值 参考值 有效降解率 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]