乳酸菌胞外多糖对羔羊生理机能及胃肠道微生物的影响  

Effects of Exopolysaccharides Produced by Lactic Acid Bacteria on Physiological Function and Gastrointestinal Microbiota of Lambs

作　　者：赵濛 马博 白海涛 李春和 王潇[3] 杜瑞平 ZHAO Meng;MA Bo;BAI Haitao;LI Chunhe;WANG Xiao;DU Ruiping(Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural&Animal Husbandry Science,Hohhot 010031,China;Key Laboratory of Grass-Feeding Livestock Healthy Breeding and Livestock Product Quality Control(Co-Construction by Ministry and Province),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Hohhot 010031,China;School of Life Science,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010018,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院动物营养与饲料研究所,呼和浩特010031 [2]农业农村部草食家畜健康养殖与畜产品品质调控重点实验室(省部共建),呼和浩特010031 [3]内蒙古大学生命科学学院,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第4期2498-2521,共24页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：内蒙古农牧业创新基金项目“牛羊高效健康养殖关键饲养技术研究与示范”(2022CXJJM05)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究乳酸菌胞外多糖对羔羊生理机能及胃肠道微生物的影响。选取30只体重[(7.07±1.73)kg]相近、体况健康的15日龄左右的苏尼特羔羊,随机分为5组,分别为空白对照组(CON组)、黄芪多糖组(ASP组)、乳酸菌胞外多糖低剂量组(EPS-L组)、乳酸菌胞外多糖中剂量组(EPS-M组)和乳酸菌胞外多糖高剂量组(EPS-H组),每组6只羔羊,公、母各3只。每日对各组羔羊经口腔灌服等体积的不同溶液,CON组为生理盐水,ASP组为1.0 mg/(只·d)剂量的黄芪多糖溶液,EPS-L组为0.5 mg/(只·d)剂量的乳酸菌胞外多糖溶液,EPS-M组为1.0 mg/(只·d)剂量的乳酸菌胞外多糖溶液,EPS-H组为2.0 mg/(只·d)剂量的乳酸菌胞外多糖溶液,连续灌服49 d。于灌服第14天、第28天和第42天采集各组试验羊血液样本,进行生化分析。于灌服第43天和第44天对CON组、ASP组和EPS-H组羔羊进行大肠杆菌攻毒处理,攻毒剂量为109 CFU/只,各攻毒组于灌服处理第49天每组随机选择3只试验羊屠宰,采集瘤胃内容物及胃肠道组织样本进行瘤胃发酵参数及胃肠道微生物多样性分析。结果显示:1)EPS-H组血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物(GSH-Px)活性较CON组显著升高(P≤0.05),EPS-M组血浆肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量显著低于其他各组(P≤0.05)。2)大肠杆菌处理下,瘤胃内容物中各挥发性脂肪酸浓度3组之间差异不显著(P>0.05),但乙酸/丙酸比值表现为APS组>EPS-H组>CON组。3)十二指肠、空肠和回肠样本微生物α多样性结果为EPS-H组高于CON组和ASP组,瘤胃样本微生物α多样性结果为ASP组高于EPS-H组和CON组。4)EPS-H组胃肠道各样本丰度高的标志微生物是支原体科(Mycoplasmataceae)、粪球菌属(Coprococcus)、厌氧棒杆菌属(Anaerostipes)、草酸杆菌科(Oxalobacteraceae)、真杆菌科(Eubacteriaceae)、根瘤菌目(Rhizobiales)、丹毒丝菌科(Erysipelotrichaceae)、放线菌科(Actinomycetaceae)、链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、厌氧棒The main purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of exopolysaccharides(ESP)produced by lactic acid bacteria on the physiological function and gastrointestinal microbiota of lambs.Thirty Sonid lambs,approximately 15 days old and in good health with similar body weight[(7.07±1.73)kg],were randomly divided into five groups:the blank control group(CON group),Astragalus polysaccharide group(ASP group),low-dose ESP group(EPS-L group),medium-dose ESP group(EPS-M group),and high-dose ESP group(EPS-H group).Each group consisted of six lambs,with three males and three females.Each group of lambs was orally administered different volumes of solutions daily:the CON group was treated by normal saline,the ASP group was treated by Astragalus polysaccharide solution at a dose of 1.0 mg/(lamb·d),the EPS-L group,EPS-M group and EPS-H group were treated by lactic acid bacteria ESP solution at the doses of 0.5,1.0 and 2.0 mg/(lamb·d),respectively.The oral administration was continuous for 49 days.Blood samples of lambs in each group were collected on the 14th,28th and 42nd days of oral administration for biochemical analysis.On days 43 and 44 of the oral administration,E.coli challenge was conducted on lambs in the CON group,ASP group and EPS-H group.The challenge dose was 109 CFU per lamb.On day 49 of the oral administration,three lambs were randomly selected from each group for slaughter.Rumen contents and gastrointestinal tissue samples were collected to analyze rumen fermentation parameters and gastrointestinal microbial diversity.The results showed as follows:1)serum glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity in the EPS-H group was significantly higher than that in the CON group(P≤0.05),and the plasma tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)content in the EPS-M group was significantly lower than that in all other groups(P≤0.05).2)Under E.coli treatment,the concentrations of various volatile fatty acids in the rumen contents showed no significant difference among the three groups(P>0.05),but the acetic acid/propioni

关 键 词：乳酸菌胞外多糖 羔羊 生理机能 胃肠道微生物 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]