浙江省宁波市35~64岁女性绝经与HPV感染的关联分析  

Association analysis between menopause and HPV infection among women aged 35~64 in Ningbo city,Zhejiang province

作　　者：周婷婷[1] 陈方园 顾雪君 ZHOU Tingting;CHEN Fangyuan;GU Xuejun(Ningbo Women and Children’s Hospital,Ningbo 315012,Zhejiang Province,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学附属妇女儿童医院,浙江宁波315012

出　　处：《中国妇幼卫生杂志》2025年第2期115-121,共7页Chinese Journal of Women and Children Health

基　　金：宁波市医学重点学科(2022-F27)。

摘　　要：目的 本研究通过分析2023年浙江省宁波市的宫颈癌筛查数据,探讨绝经状态与人乳头瘤病毒(human papilloma virus,HPV)感染的关系,旨在为预防女性HPV感染及优化公共卫生策略提供科学依据。方法 从2023年宁波市宫颈癌筛查项目数据,收集一般人口学特征、病史情况和HPV检测情况等信息,采用倾向评分匹配和配对卡方检验分析绝经状态与HPV感染的相关性,通过logistic回归验证结果,并进一步按年龄分层分析。结果 已绝经女性在初中及以下学历、汉族及宫颈癌筛查史占比显著高于未绝经女性(P <0.05)。倾向评分匹配表明,绝经状态与HPV感染相关(P <0.05)。Logistic回归显示,绝经增加了35~64岁女性HPV感染风险(OR=1.153, 95%CI:1.073~1.238),其中55~64岁女性感染风险增加58.90%(OR=1.589,95%CI:1.299~1.945)。此外,民族、学历、分娩次数、流产次数和采取避孕措施均是HPV感染的影响因素(P <0.05)。结论 2023年宁波市绝经后女性HPV感染风险显著增加,尤其是55~64岁女性。建议加强绝经后女性HPV感染的预防宣传,提高宫颈癌筛查意识,并推广适龄女性HPV疫苗接种,以降低感染风险。Objective This study analyzed cervical cancer screening data from Ningbo city,Zhejiang Province,in 2023,aiming to explore the relationship between menopausal status and the prevalence of HPV infection and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention of HPV-related cervical cancer and the optimization of public health strategies.Methods Cervical cancer screening data of Ningbo in 2023 were analyzed in this study.Propensity score matching and paired chi-square tests were used to analyze the correlation between menopausal status and HPV infection.Multivariate logistic regression and age-stratified analysis were further performed to validate the findings.Results Postmenopausal women had significantly higher proportions of junior high school education or below,Han ethnicity,and cervical cancer screening history compared to premenopausal women(P<0.05).Propensity score matching indicated a significant association between menopausal status and HPV infection(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression revealed that menopause increased the risk of HPV infection in women aged 35-64(OR=1.153,95%CI:1.073-1.238),with a 58.9%higher risk in women aged 55-64(OR=1.589,95%CI:1.299-1.945).In addition,ethnicity,education level,number of deliveries,number of abortions,and contraceptive use were also identified as influencing factors for HPV infection(P<0.05).Conclusion In 2023,postmenopausal women in Ningbo,especially those aged 55-64,faced a significantly increased risk of HPV infection.It is recommended to strengthen HPV prevention awareness among postmenopausal women,enhance participation in cervical cancer screening,and promote HPV vaccination among eligible women to reduce infection risks.

关 键 词：女性 绝经 HPV感染 倾向评分匹配 

分 类 号：R737.33[医药卫生—肿瘤]