16-17世纪咖啡在奥斯曼帝国的传播与争论  

The Spread and Controversy of Coffee in the Ottoman Empire in the 16th and 17th Centuries

作　　者：母仕洪 MU Shi-hong(School of History and Culture,Southwest University,Chongqing,400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学历史文化学院/伊朗研究中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《史学集刊》2025年第3期38-48,112,共12页Collected Papers of History Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中东经济通史”(21&ZD246)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：从16世纪初开始,奥斯曼帝国逐渐兴起饮用咖啡的社会风尚。这种新型饮品的日益流行,引发了社会各界对饮用咖啡是否符合伊斯兰教法及其是否有利于身体健康等问题的争论。这些争论出现的原因是多方面的,不只源于不同社会人士对咖啡合法性和健康功效的认知差异,还掺杂着帝国当局对咖啡馆政治活动的担忧,社会道德家对伴随咖啡饮用而出现的有违公共道德现象的批评,以及神职人员对咖啡馆侵犯其固有势力范围的不满等复杂因素。通过这场争论,奥斯曼帝国社会大众对咖啡的了解进一步加深,促使他们以更温和的态度接纳新鲜事物,有助于丰富中东穆斯林社会的物质文化生活,同时也为咖啡在更广范围内的传播提供了助力。From the beginning of the 16th century,the Ottoman Empire gradually developed a habit of drinking coffee.With the increasing popularity of this new drink,it has triggered a debate about whether coffee is in accordance with Islamic law and whether drinking coffee is good for health.The reasons for the controversy were many,not only due to different social perceptions of the legality and health benefits of coffee,but also imperial authorities’concerns about coffeehouse politic activities,social moralists’criticism of the public morality associated with coffee drinking,and clergy's dissatisfaction with coffeehouses’encroachment on their inherent sphere of influence.Through this debate,the general public in the Ottoman empire gradually deepened its understanding of coffee,and was encouraged to accept novel things with a more forgiving attitude,which helped enrich the material and cultural life of Muslim societies in the Middle East,and also provided support for the further spread of coffee.

关 键 词：奥斯曼帝国 咖啡 咖啡馆文化 

分 类 号：K13[历史地理—历史学]