新一代热疗技术:纳米材料介导的微纳尺度热疗  

The next generation of hyperthermia:nanomaterials-mediated hyperthermia at micro-nano scale

作　　者：焦王博 戴丽君 吕毅[1,2] 樊海明 刘晓丽[1,2,4] JIAO WangBo;DAI LiJun;LV Yi;FAN HaiMing;LIU XiaoLi(Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetic Medicine,National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery&Regenerative Medicine,First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710061,China;Institute of Regenerative and Reconstructive Medicine,Med-X Institute,First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710061,China;Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education,College of Chemistry and Materials Science,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127,China;Key Laboratory of Western Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology of Ministry of Education,Department of Life Science and Medicine,Northwest University,Xi’an 710069,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第一附属医院,精准外科与再生医学国家地方联合工程研究中心,陕西省磁性医学重点实验室,西安710061 [2]西安交通大学第一附属医院,Med-X研究院,再生与重建医学研究所,西安710061 [3]西北大学化学与材料科学学院,合成与天然功能分子教育部重点实验室,西安710127 [4]西北大学生命科学与医学部,西部资源生物与现代生物技术教育部重点实验室,西安710069

出　　处：《中国科学:生命科学》2025年第4期711-721,共11页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

摘　　要：经典的热疗技术存在一些局限性,如适形性不佳、治疗范围有限以及复发率高等问题.纳米材料介导的微纳尺度热疗是新一代热疗技术,它利用纳米材料在病灶部位将外界物理场的能量转换为热能,以实现治疗效果,具有高度适形、远程可控、可结合多模态诊疗等优势,还可在肿瘤细胞内触发多种分子事件,激活抗肿瘤免疫反应,阻止肿瘤的复发和转移.微纳尺度热疗不仅能毁伤目标细胞,还可以调节细胞特定的生命活动,特别是通过热敏离子通道调控神经系统是近年来应用的焦点.本文回顾热疗技术的发展历程,综述纳米材料介导的微纳尺度热疗作为新一代热疗技术的特点及其优势,并具体阐述其在肿瘤治疗和神经调控两大领域的应用及前景.Since ancient times,heat has served as a prevalent form of energy for physical therapy.Hyperthermia has progressed from wholebody hyperthermia to localized methods,formed a thermal therapy system centered on radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation.It is recommended in the treatment of diseases,especially various tumors.However,classical thermal ablation techniques encounter challenges including poor conformance,limited therapeutic range,and high recurrence rates.Nanomaterials-mediated hyperthermia micro-nano scale represents a novel generation of physical therapy technology.It converts external physical field energy into heat at the lesion site through nanomaterials to achieve therapeutic effects.Micro-nano scale hyperthermia offers advantages such as high conformity,remote controllability,and multi-modal diagnosis and treatment.It can further induce various molecular events in tumor cells,resulting in immunogenic death of tumor cells and ultimately stimulating anti-tumor immunity to prevent tumor recurrence and metastasis.The heat transfer mechanism of nanomaterials-mediated hyperthermia at micro-nano scale differs fundamentally from traditional thermal ablation,in addition to damaging target cells,it can also regulate specific functions of target cells.Notably,the regulation of the nervous system via thermal-sensitive ion channels has emerged as a prominent application of micro-nano scale hyperthermia in recent years.This article reviews the technological progress from the early to the modern era,and summarizes the characteristics and advantages of nanomaterials-mediated micro-nano scale heat as a new generation of thermal therapy technology.The article also introduces the basic principles of micro-nano scale heat transfer,and specifically describes its applications and prospects in the fields of tumor therapy and neuroregulation.

关 键 词：纳米材料 微纳尺度热疗 近场传热 磁感应热疗 光热疗 

分 类 号：R730.5[医药卫生—肿瘤]