体检人群身体活动水平与认知功能和精神心理相关性  

Association of physical activity with cognition and mental health in health check-up population

作　　者：姜季委 刘洁 刘阳[1] 张莹[1] 刘小娟 郑华光[1] Jiang Jiwei;Liu Jie;Liu Yang;Zhang Ying;Liu Xiaojuan;Zheng Huaguang(Health Management Center and Brain Health Center,Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100070,China;Department of Neurology,Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100070,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院健康管理中心/脑健康中心,北京100070 [2]首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经病学中心,北京100070 [3]首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经精神医学与临床心理科,北京100070

出　　处：《中华健康管理学杂志》2025年第4期292-299,共8页Chinese Journal of Health Management

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(7254343);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFC1311203)。

摘　　要：目的分析体检人群身体活动水平与认知功能和精神心理的相关性。方法本研究为横断面研究,连续性收集2023年1月1日至12月31日首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院869例体检人群的资料,包括性别、年龄、体重指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)、受教育年限、疾病史和个人史;采用全球体力活动问卷(GPAQ)评价体检人群身体活动水平;以蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评价总体认知功能,以抑郁症状筛查量表(PHQ-9)和广泛性焦虑筛查量表(GAD-7)分别评价抑郁状况和焦虑状况。实验室检查脂代谢相关指标包括总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、脂蛋白a[Lp(a)]、载脂蛋白A1(ApoA1)、载脂蛋白B(ApoB)、小而密低密度脂蛋白(sdLDL)和残余血脂(RC)。比较不同身体活动组[身体活动充分组:≥600代谢当量(MET)-min/周;身体活动不充分组:1~599 MET-min/周;无身体活动组:0 MET-min/周]的一般资料、量表评估和脂代谢相关指标的差异。采用多因素线性回归分别分析身体活动和静坐时间与MoCA、PHQ-9和GAD-7评分的相关性。结果共纳入869例体检者,年龄(51.22±10.09)岁,其中男性545例(62.72%),女性324例(37.28%),认知障碍153例(17.61%)。身体活动充分组WHR[(0.88±0.07)比(0.89±0.07)]、静坐时间[7.00(4.00,10.00)比10.00(6.00,12.00)h]、PHQ-9评分[2.00(0,5.00)比3.00(0,7.00)分]、GAD评分[2.00(0,4.00)比3.00(0,6.00)分]以及sdLDL[0.93(0.60,1.32)比1.09(0.70,1.45)mmol/L]均显著低于无身体活动组(均校正P<0.05);身体活动充分组年龄[(52.10±9.90)比(49.88±9.88)岁]显著高于身体活动不充分组;BMI[(25.37±3.43)比(26.13±3.54)kg/m^(2)]、WHR[(0.88±0.07)比(0.90±0.07)]、饮酒史比例(14.46%比17.11%)、静坐时间[7.00(4.00,10.00)比10.00(6.00,12.00)h]、PHQ-9评分[2.00(0,5.00)比3.00(0,7.00)分]及GAD评分[2.00(0,4.00)比3.00(0,6.00)分]均显著低于身体活动不充分组(均校正P<0.05)。静坐�ObjectiveTo analyze the association of physical activity(PA)levels with the cognitive function and mental health among health check-up population.MethodsIt is a cross-sectional study.The data from 869 health check-up population were consecutively collected from Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital Medical University between January 1,2023 and December 31,2023,including sex,age,body mass index(BMI),waist to hip ratio(WHR),educational years,medical history and personal history.The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire(GPAQ)was used to evaluate the PA levels,the Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)was performed to assess the global cognitive function,and the Patient Health Questionnaire 9(PHQ-9)and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder(GAD-7)was used to screen for depression and generalized anxiety,respectively.Laboratory examination of lipid metabolism-related biomarkers included total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),lipoprotein(a)[Lp(a)],apolipoprotein A-1(ApoA1),apolipoprotein B(ApoB),small dense low-density lipoprotein(sdLDL)and remnant cholesterol(RC).The differences in general data,scale evaluation,and lipid metabolism-related biomarkers were compared among three groups[sufficiently active group:≥600(metabolic equivalent,MET)-min/week,insufficiently active group:1-599 MET-min/week,and inactive group:0 MET-min/week].The multiple linear regression was used to analyze the correlation between the PA or sitting time and MoCA,PHQ-9 or GAD-7 scores,respectively.ResultsA total of 869 health check-up population was finally included,with the age of(51.22±10.09)years old;among these,545 patients were men(62.72%),324 cases were women(37.28%),153 cases with cognitive impairment(17.61%).Participants in sufficiently active group had lower WHR[(0.88±0.07)vs(0.89±0.07)],sitting time[7.00(4.00,10.00)vs 10.00(6.00,12.00)h],PHQ-9[2.00(0,5.00)vs 3.00(0,7.00)scores],GAD-7[2.00(0,4.00)vs 3.00(0,6.00)scores],and sdLDL levels[0.93(0.60,1.32)vs 1

关 键 词：运动活动 久坐 认知 认知障碍 抑郁 焦虑 脂代谢 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]