3种挺水植物生物炭理化性质及与原料化学组分的相关性分析  

Analysis of biochar physicochemical properties from three emergent hydrophytes and their correlation with feedstock chemical components

作　　者：崔看利 黄晓丽[2,3] 孙学亮[1] 霍堂斌 刘守新[3] 王玉梅[4] CUI Kanli;HUANG Xiaoli;SUN Xueliang;HUO Tangbin;LIU Shouxin;WANG Yumei(College of Fisheries,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology and Aquaculture,Tianjin 300384,China;Heilongjiang Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Aquatic Organism Protection and Ecological Restoration in Cold Waters,Harbin 150070,China;College of Material Science and Engineering,Northeast Forestry University,Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science&Technology,Ministry of Education,Harbin 150040,China;Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Beijing 100141,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院水产学院,天津市水产生态及养殖重点实验室,天津300384 [2]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,寒地水域水生生物保护与生态修复重点实验室,哈尔滨150070 [3]东北林业大学材料科学与工程学院,生物质材料科学与技术教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨150040 [4]中国水产科学研究院,北京100141

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2025年第1期70-81,共12页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(32102855);中国博士后科学基金项目(2021MD703899,2024T171035);中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2023TD07)。

摘　　要：为深入了解挺水植物化学组分与其生物炭理化性质的关系,以芦苇、香蒲、石菖蒲3种挺水植物为研究对象,分析其化学组分,采用限氧升温热解法制备生物炭并分析其理化性质,与农作物(水稻、玉米)秸秆生物炭作对比分析。利用主成分分析法(PCA)解析生物炭理化性质与植物化学组分间的相关性。结果表明:3种挺水植物与农作物秸秆的生物炭理化性质均有显著差异(P<0.05)。不同热解温度下,5种生物炭中芦苇生物炭的固定碳含量最高,灰分、电导率和含盐量均最低。除500℃外,芦苇生物炭的比表面积最大,石菖蒲最小。5种生物炭的官能团组成相似,但C=C、C—C和C—O—C振动吸收峰强度存在差异。PCA分析结果表明:生物炭的固定碳含量与原料的综纤维素、纤维素、半纤维素、酸不溶木质素含量呈正相关;灰分、产率、电导率、pH、阳离子交换量,与植物原料的灰分、纤维素含量呈正相关,与综纤维素、酸不溶木质素含量呈负相关。植物化学组分是影响生物炭理化性质的主要因子。3种挺水植物均可作为制备生物炭的原料,以600℃下芦苇制备的生物炭具有较好的性能。To enhance the understanding of the relationship between the phytochemical constituents of emergent hydrophytes and the physicochemical properties of biochar,this study focused on three emergent hydrophytes:reed,cattail,and acori tatarinowii.The chemical components of these plants were analyzed,and biochar was produced using an oxygen-limited pyrolysis method.Sub-sequently,the biochar properties were examined and compared with those derived from crop straw,specifically rice and corn.Principal component analysis(PCA)was employed to examine the correlations between the physicochemical properties of biochar and its phytochemical constituents.The results showed that the physicochemical properties of biochar derived from emergent hydrophytes exhibited significant differences compared to those derived from crop straws(P<0.05).Among the five biochar subjected to varying pyrolysis temperatures,reed biochar demonstrated the highest fixed carbon content,along with the lowest levels of ash,conductivity,and salt content.With the exception of the condition at 500℃,reed biochar also possessed the largest specific surface area as measured by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)analysis,whereas acori tatarinowii biochar exhibited the smallest BET surface area.The functional groups of the five biochar were similar,but the vibration absorption peaks corresponding to C=C,C—C,and C—O—C bond were different.PCA showed a positive correlation between the fixed carbon content of biochar and the levels of cellulose,holocellulose,hemicellulose,and acid-insoluble lignin in the raw materials.Additionally,the ash con-tent,yield,electrical conductivity,pH,and cation exchange capacity were positively correlated with the ash and cellulose content of the plant raw materials,while exhibiting a negative correlation with the holocellulose and acid-insoluble lignin content.The phytochemical constituents significantly influenced the biochar characteristics.Three emergent plants could serve as raw materials for biochar production,with reed biochar at 60

关 键 词：生物炭 挺水植物 理化性质 化学组分 相关性分析 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X705