铝合金T形对接接头根部缺陷分析  

Analysis on Root Defect of Aluminum Alloy T-butt Joint

作　　者：崔云龙 汪认 何建英 张仁航 CUIYunlong;WANGRen;HEJianying;ZHANGRenhang(CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266111,China)

机构地区：[1]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,山东青岛266111

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2025年第7期146-149,共4页Hot Working Technology

摘　　要：铝合金T形对接接头存在一种根部缺陷,通过对缺陷的外观特征、金相组织、断口形貌进行分析,确定该缺陷是一种氧化物夹杂。坡口背面的氧化铝薄膜受焊接热作用软化变形;坡口间隙处溢出的熔池产生波动将氧化铝薄膜卷入其中;在冷却过程中氧化铝薄膜随着熔池的收缩而被拉长,形成氧化物夹杂。将坡口间隙调整为3~4 mm并添加永久性衬垫,或将坡口间隙调整为0 mm,可有效提升铝合金T形对接接头的焊接质量。A kind of defect was found at the root of aluminum alloy T-butt joint.By analyzing the appearance characteristics,metallographic structure and fracture morphology of the defect,it is determined that the defect is a kind of oxide inclusion.The alumina film at the back of the groove is softened and deformed under welding heat,the molten pool overflowing from groove gap fluctuates and entraps the alumina film,and the alumina film is elongated under the shrinkage of the molten pool to form the oxide inclusion during the cooling process.The welding quality of the aluminum alloy T-butt joint is obviously improved and the defect disappears by adjusting the groove gap to 3-4 mm and adding permanent gasket,or adjusting the groove gap to 0 mm.

关 键 词：铝合金 T形对接接头 根部缺陷 氧化铝薄膜 

分 类 号：TG401[金属学及工艺—焊接] TG441.7