酶解协同超临界CO_(2)萃取法提取人参有效成分的试验  

Experimental study on enzymatic hydrolysis synergistic supercritical CO_(2) extraction method for extracting effective components of ginseng*

作　　者：李婷 LI Ting(Shangluo Vocational and Technical College,Shangluo 726000,China)

机构地区：[1]商洛职业技术学院,陕西商洛726000

出　　处：《化学工程师》2025年第4期111-115,共5页Chemical Engineer

基　　金：陕西省教育厅一般课题(21JK0621)。

摘　　要：为实现人参的高效利用,提高人参皂苷Re提取得率,建立了一种酶解协同超临界萃取法对人参有效成分进行提取。该方法为二步提取法,即在酶解法提取人参皂苷Re的基础上,采用超临界CO_(2)萃取法对人参残渣中的人参皂苷Re进行提取。根据优化后的提取条件,可将酶解协同超临界萃取法提取工艺确定为:第一步,在人参粉碎粒径为1μm、酶种类为纤维素酶、酶解时间为3h、酶解温度为60℃、酶解pH值为4.0、酶添加量为3%条件下,对人参皂苷Re进行酶解提取;第二步,在萃取压力为32MPa、萃取时间为3h、萃取温度为45℃的条件下,对人参残渣中的人参皂苷Re进行超临界CO_(2)萃取;最后得到的人参皂苷Re提取得率高达9.79%。可见,酶解协同超临界萃取法可高效利用人参药材,可为人参产业的发展提供数据参考。In order to achieve efficient utilization of ginseng and improve the extraction rate of ginsenoside Re,an enzymatic hydrolysis synergistic supercritical extraction method was established to extract the effective components of ginseng.This method is a two-step extraction method,which uses supercritical CO_(2) extraction to extract ginsenoside Re from ginseng residue based on enzymatic extraction of ginsenoside Re.According to the optimized extraction conditions,the extraction process of enzymatic hydrolysis synergistic supercritical extraction can be determined as follows:firstly,under the conditions of ginseng crushing particle size of 1μm,enzyme type of cellulase,enzymatic hydrolysis time of 3 hours,enzymatic hydrolysis temperature of 60℃,enzymatic hydrolysis pH of 4.0,and enzyme addition amount of 3%,enzymatic hydrolysis extraction of ginsenoside Re can be carried out;The second step is to perform supercritical CO_(2) extraction of ginsenoside Re in ginseng residue under the conditions of extraction pressure of 32MPa,extraction time of 3h,and extraction temperature of 45℃.The final extraction yield of ginsenoside Re is as high as 9.79%.In summary,the enzymatic hydrolysis synergistic supercritical extraction method can efficiently utilize ginseng medicinal materials and provide data reference for the development of the ginseng industry.

关 键 词：人参皂苷 提取得率 酶解法 超临界CO_(2)萃取法 纤维素酶 

分 类 号：O658[理学—分析化学] TQ463[理学—化学]