高职院校专业设置的现实样态、问题分析和优化路径——以浙江绍兴市专业设置与产业结构的适配性为考量  

The Actual State,Problem Analysis and Optimization Path of Major Settings in Higher Vocational Colleges——Taking the Adaptability Between Major Settings and Industrial Structure in Shaoxing as a Consideration

作　　者：虞凯[1] 高玉萍[1] 周子琴 潘韵涵 YU Kai;GAO Yu-ping;ZHOU Zi-qin;PAN Yun-han(Zhejiang Agricultural Business College,Shaoxing 312088,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农业商贸职业学院,浙江绍兴312088

出　　处：《浙江交通职业技术学院学报》2025年第1期49-55,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Institute of Communications

基　　金：2023年浙江省高职教育“十四五”第一批教学改革项目“类型教育定位下高职实习管理与质量评价体系构建研究”(JG20230475);2020年全国教育科学“十三五”规划教育部青年课题“分类视角下省域高水平高职院校差别化发展研究”(JGEJA200400)。

摘　　要：职业教育专业大幅调整已步入快车道,大多数专业瞄准新质生产力发展方向,为迎接数字革命浪潮蓄势赋能。专业设置与产业结构的适配性是增强高职教育适应经济社会发展的重要举措。以浙江绍兴市五所高职院校为例,根据相关数据的可获得性,从专业聚集度、重复度、偏离度、人才匹配度四个维度分析,发现在绍五所高职院校专业设置与产业结构基本匹配,但也存在结构化差异、特色化程度不够等问题。据此提出:契合产业体系建设,优化专业结构布局;锚定错位发展,建设高水平专业群;加强规划引导,健全专业动态调整机制,以提升专业设置与产业结构的匹配度和适配性。The adjustment of vocational education majors has entered a fast lane,with most of them targeting the development direction of new quality productivity,and accumulating energy to embrace the digital revolution wave.The adaptability of major settings to the industrial structure is an important measure to enhance the adaptability of higher vocational education to economic and social development.Taking five higher vocational colleges in Shaoxing City as examples,based on the availability of relevant data,an analysis was conducted from four dimensions:major concentration,repetition,deviation and talent matching.It was found that the major settings of the five higher vocational colleges in Shaoxing were basically in line with the industrial structure,but there were still some problems such as structural differences and insufficient specialization.Therefore,it is proposed to optimize the major structure and layout in line with the industrial system construction;build high-level major clusters by focusing on differentiated development;enhance the matching and adaptability of major settings to the industrial structure by strengthening planning guidance and improving the dynamic adjustment mechanism of majors.

关 键 词：高职教育 专业设置 产业结构 适配性 

分 类 号：G718[文化科学—职业技术教育学]