嵌套阵列设计研究综述  

Review on Nested Array Design Research

作　　者：毛彦元 马万禹 司伟建[1] Mao Yanyuan;Ma Wanyu;Si Weijian(College of Information and Communication Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China;Shanghai Radio Equipment Research Institute,Shanghai 201109,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学信息与通信工程学院,哈尔滨150001 [2]上海无线电设备研究所,上海201109

出　　处：《航空兵器》2025年第2期34-47,共14页Aero Weaponry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(62371152)。

摘　　要：阵列信号处理是信号处理领域的重要分支,在雷达、声呐和无线通信等领域有广泛应用。波达方向估计作为其关键应用之一,传统上主要依赖于均匀线性阵列的布局形式,然而,这种阵列布局的估计性能十分有限。近年来,嵌套阵列因其结构简单且优势显著而受到广泛关注。嵌套阵列的主要优点是它具有传感器位置的精确表达式,而且在阵元数固定的情况下,它能够获得比均匀线性阵列更大的阵列孔径。这一特性不仅提高了测向精度和分辨率,还在阵列设计领域开辟了新的研究方向。针对近年来发展起来的嵌套阵列的一系列变体,本文总结了嵌套阵列设计方法的研究进展,分析了其在阵列孔径扩展、空间自由度提高和相互耦合降低等方面的优势,并介绍了嵌套阵列设计的应用场景,最后探讨并展望了嵌套阵列设计的发展趋势。Array signal processing is an important branch of signal processing,which is widely used in radar,sonar and wireless communication.Direction of arrival estimation,as one of its key applications,traditionally relies on the layout of uniform linear arrays.However,the estimation performance of such array configuration is quite limited.In recent years,nested arrays have attracted much attention due to their simple structure and significant advantages.The main advantage of nested arrays is that they have the precise expression of sensor positions,and they can achieve a larger array aperture compared to uniform linear arrays in the case of a fixed number of array elements.This feature not only enhances the direction-finding accuracy and resolution,but also opens up new research directions in the field of array design.Aiming at a series of variants of nested array developed in recent years,this paper summarizes the research progress of nested array design methods,analyzes their advantages in array aperture expansion,spatial freedom improvement and mutual coupling reduction,and introduces the application scenarios of nested array design.Finally,it discusses and prospects the development trend of nested array design.

关 键 词：嵌套阵列设计 虚拟差分共阵 自由度 相互耦合 波达方向估计 信号处理 雷达 

分 类 号：TJ760[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程]