贡嘎山有花植物花色的时空分布格局及其影响因素  

Spatial-temporal distribution pattern of flower color in flowering plants of Gongga Mountain and their influencing factors

作　　者：聂昌达 王宇 陈伏生[1,2] 方向民[1,2] 王方超[1,2] 毛梦蕾 祖奎玲 NIE Changda;WANG Yu;CHEN Fusheng;FANG Xiangmin;WANG Fangchao;MAO Menglei;ZU Kuiling(School of Forestry/Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Subtropical Forest Resources Cultivation,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Key Laboratory for the Conservation and Restoration of Forest Ecosystems in the Poyang Lake Basin,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,School of Forestry,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Sichuan Gongga Mountain National Nature Reserve Administration,Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Garxê,Sichuan 626000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学林学院/亚热带森林资源培育江西省重点实验室,江西南昌330045 [2]江西农业大学鄱阳湖流域森林生态系统保护与修复国家林业和草原局重点实验室,江西南昌330045 [3]四川贡嘎山国家级自然保护区管理局,四川康定626000

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2025年第2期373-384,共12页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(32301463);江西省自然科学基金青年基金及面上基金项目(20224BAB213033,20232BAB205023)。

摘　　要：【目的】植物功能性状能够有效表征植物对环境变化的适应性,花色是植物有性繁殖的重要功能性状之一,探究贡嘎山有花植物花色的时空分布格局与影响因素,对理解山地植物花色性状形成,助力生物多样性保护具有重要意义。【方法】于2018—2019年5、7、9月沿9个海拔梯度实地调查贡嘎山有花植物的花色类型,记录花色、花期等性状,结合不同海拔梯度的植被特征、气候因素和人类活动干扰等指标,应用地理空间分析技术和回归模型等方法,探究贡嘎山不同花色植物物种数占比的时空变异及其与环境因子的关系。【结果】(1)贡嘎山白色花的植物物种数占比最高,达27%,黄色和紫色花植物物种数次之,占比分别为22%和17%;不同生活型植物物种的花色类型占比差异显著,乔木和灌木均以白色花植物物种数占比最高,分别达54%和30%,草本植物以黄色花占比最高,为25%,藤本植物以红色和紫色花为主,占比均为25%。(2)沿海拔梯度不同花色物种数占比呈有规律的变化,低海拔植物物种的花色以红色为主,中海拔以红色和白色为主,而高海拔多为紫色、黄色和蓝色。(3)不同花色的植物物种随调查月份不同而变化,7月,花色多样性最高,5月、7月和9月均为白色花植物物种占比最高,黄色次之。(4)沿海拔梯度的蓝色、黄色和紫色花植物物种数占比与气候因素和人类影响指数显著相关,推断贡嘎山花色格局受气候条件和人为干扰等多因素共同调控。【结论】贡嘎山植物物种花色呈明显的海拔梯度空间变异格局,且具月份动态变化规律;有花植物花色时空格局形成既受温度、降水和蒸散发等气候因素的调控,也与人类活动的干扰强弱有关。需进一步研究植物花色进化生态学,为理解和保护植物多样性提供更多依据。[Objective]Plant functional traits can effectively characterize plant adaptation to environmental changes,and flower color is one of the important functional traits of plant sexual reproduction.Exploring the spatial and temporal distribution pattern and influencing factors in flower color of flowering plants in Gongga Mountain is of of significant scientific value for understanding the evolutionary mechanisms of floral traits in alpine ecosystems and providing theoretical support for biodiversity conservation in mountainous regions.[Method]The flower color of flowering plants in Gongga Mountain were investigated along 9 altitude gradients from May,July and September of 2018 and 2019,the characteristics such as flower color and flowering date were recorded.The vegetation characteristics of different altitude gradients,climate factors and human activity interference were combined with geospatial analysis techniques and regression models to explore the spatio-temporal variation of the species proportion of different flower colors in Gongga Mountain and its relationship with environmental factors.[Result](1)White flowers account for the highest proportion of plant species in Gongga Mountain,up to 27%,followed by yellow and purple flowers,accounting for 22%and 17%,respectively.There are significant differences in the proportion of flower color types among different life forms of plant species.In both trees and shrubs,white flowers account for 54%and 30%,respectively;in herbs,yellow flowers account for 25%,and in vines,red and purple flowers account for 25%.(2)Along the altitude gradient,the proportions of flower color species along the altitudinal gradient exhibit regular patterns.The flower colors of plant species at low altitude are mainly red,those at middle altitude were mainly red and white,and those at high altitude were mostly purple,yellow and blue.(3)The composition of plant species with different flower colors varies across survey months.July exhibits the highest flower color diversity,with white-flowered sp

关 键 词：花色 海拔 分布格局 气候因素 繁殖性状 

分 类 号：S68[农业科学—观赏园艺] Q948.1[农业科学—园艺学]