定向氧化竹粉制备透明性聚乙烯醇复合薄膜  

Preparation of transparent polyvinyl alcohol films by oriented oxidation of bamboo powder

作　　者：陈祥慈 庄宁 张灿 莫书森 田升升 游峰[1] 郑华明[1] CHEN Xiangci;ZHUANG Ning;ZHANG Can;MO Shusen;TIAN Shengsheng;YOU Feng;ZHENG Huaming(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205,China;Hubei Yihua Degradable New Materials Co.,Ltd.,Yichang 443005,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学材料科学与工程学院,武汉430205 [2]湖北宜化降解新材料有限公司,湖北宜昌443005

出　　处：《包装与食品机械》2025年第2期96-102,共7页Packaging and Food Machinery

基　　金：国家级大学生创新创业训练项目(202410490002);武汉工程大学校内科学研究基金项目(K201469)。

摘　　要：为提高竹资源的综合利用率及附加值,以天然竹粉为原料,通过酸性H_(2)O_(2)溶液脱除木质素,利用高碘酸钠对脱除木质素后的竹粉进行选择性氧化处理,然后与聚乙烯醇溶液混合,采用流延成型工艺制备不同组分含量的透明薄膜PVA,5-DBP,5-0BP。采用化学分析法对竹粉的成分进行分析,利用X射线衍射技术及傅里叶变换红外光谱技术对处理前后的竹粉进行表征,并对薄膜的光学性能、机械性能和防水性能进行研究。结果表明,经过酸性H_(2)O_(2)处理的竹粉中木质素含量显著减少至4.11%;定向氧化处理后,竹粉中醛基含量增加至4.21 mmol/g,结晶度降低;所制备的5-0BP透光率和雾度值分别为90.38%和6.45%,展现出优异的透光性;与纯PVA薄膜相比较,5-0BP薄膜的拉伸强度从33.24 MPa提升至38.95 MPa,水接触角从38°增加至66.5°。研究为“以竹代塑”战略的实施开辟一种新的应用途径。To enhance the comprehensive utilization rate and added value of bamboo resources,the natural bamboo powders were subjected to acid H_(2)O_(2) To enhance the comprehensive utilization and added value of bamboo resources,natural bamboo powder was used as the raw material.Lignin was removed via acidic H_(2)O_(2) solution treatment,followed by selective oxidation of the delignified bamboo powder using sodium periodate.The oxidized bamboo powder was then blended with polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)solution to prepare transparent films(PVA,5-DBP,and 5-OBP)with varying compositions via a solution casting process.Chemical analysis was employed to determine the bamboo powder composition.X-ray diffraction(XRD)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)were utilized to characterize the bamboo powder before and after treatments.The optical,mechanical,and waterproof properties of the films were investigated.Results showed that lignin content in bamboo powder significantly decreased to 4.11%after acidic H_(2)O_(2) treatment.Upon oxidation,the aldehyde group content increased to 4.21 mmol/g,while crystallinity decreased.The 5-OBP film exhibited excellent optical properties with transmittance and haze values of 90.38%and 6.45%,respectively.Compared to pure PVA film,the tensile strength of 5-OBP film increased from 33.24 MPa to 38.95 MPa,and the water contact angle improved from 38°to 66.5°.This study paves a new pathway for implementing the"Bamboo as a Substitute for Plastics"strategy.

关 键 词：天然竹粉 脱除木质素 高碘酸钠 聚乙烯醇 透明薄膜 

分 类 号：TS206.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]