铁路隧道空孔直眼掏槽爆破数值模拟及现场应用  

Numerical Simulation of Straight Cutting Blasting of Empty Hole in Railway Tunnel and Its Application

作　　者：李曙光 Li Shuguang(Post-doctoral Research Workstation,China Railway 20th Bureau Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710016,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中铁二十局集团有限公司博士后科研工作站,西安710016

出　　处：《地下空间与工程学报》2025年第2期610-619,共10页Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering

基　　金：中铁二十局集团有限公司2022科技研发重大专项(YF2022SD01A);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2022JQ-563);国家自然科学基金(52178393)。

摘　　要：在空孔直眼掏槽爆破中,空孔常用作辅助自由面和爆破岩石的补偿空间,其对爆破效果有着重要的影响。本文以某铁路隧道工程为背景,通过理论分析、数值模拟及现场应用三个重要手段对空孔直眼掏槽爆破进行研究,借助ANSYS/LS-DYNA有限元软件分析了多炮孔爆破作用下不同空孔直径及炮孔与空孔间距两个关键技术参数对爆破效果的影响。结果表明:空孔直眼掏槽爆破槽腔最终的成型效果与空孔直径大小、装药孔至空孔的距离有关,当空孔直径为2倍装药炮孔直径且二者间距为2.5倍空孔直径时,掏槽爆破效果最好。基于理论分析及数值模拟结果对现场进行空孔直眼掏槽爆破设计及应用,发现掌子面平整光滑,平均线性超挖均值在15 cm以内,轮廓成型质量较高,验证了数值模拟及爆破方案的合理性。研究成果可为类似隧道断面爆破设计提供参考。In the straight cut blasting,the empty hole is often used as the auxiliary free surface and the compensation space of the blasting rock,which has an important influence on the blasting effect.Based on the background of a railway tunnel project,this paper studies the empty hole linear cutting blasting through three important means of theoretical analysis and calculation,numerical simulation and field application.With the help of ANSYS/LS-DYNA finite element software,the influence of two key technical parameters of empty holes with different diameters and the spacing between holes on the blasting effect under the action of multi-hole blasting is analyzed.The results show that the final forming effect of the empty hole linear cutting blasting cavity is related to the diameter of the empty hole and the distance between the charging and the empty holes.When the diameter of the empty hole is two times the diameter of the charging hole and the distance between the two is 2.5 times the diameter of the empty hole,the cutting blasting effect is the best.Based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results,the design and application of empty hole linear cutting blasting are carried out on the site.The tunnel face is smooth and smooth,the average linear over-excavation is about 15 cm,and the contour forming quality is high,which verifies the rationality of numerical simulation and blasting scheme.The research results can provide reference for similar tunnel section blasting design.

关 键 词：隧道 空孔效应 直眼掏槽 爆破参数 数值模拟 

分 类 号：U45[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]