童年晚期加工速度对图形推理能力的影响:工作记忆的中介作用  

The Influence of Processing Speed on Figural Reasoning Ability in Late Childhood:The Mediating Role of Working Memory

作　　者：韩燕 张恒[1] 贾丽娜 刘颖 张雨暄 邹丽娟 Han Yan;Zhang Heng;Jia Lina;Liu Ying;Zhang Yuxuan;Zou Lijuan(Chongqing Intellectual Property School,Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing 400054;School of Humanities,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122;School of Psychology,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250014)

机构地区：[1]重庆理工大学重庆知识产权学院,重庆400054 [2]江南大学人文学院,无锡214122 [3]山东师范大学心理学院,济南250014

出　　处：《心理学探新》2025年第2期107-113,共7页Psychological Exploration

基　　金：重庆理工大学2023年度本科教育教学改革研究项目:新文科背景下课程“互动-参与-提升”的教学模式改革与实践——以“儿童青少年社会工作”为例(2023YB151),山东师范大学社科青年项目(2023YTR013)。

摘　　要：考察童年晚期加工速度和工作记忆对图形推理能力的影响。采用加工速度任务、工作记忆任务和瑞文标准推理测验对169名10-12岁的儿童进行测查。研究结果如下:(1)方差分析表明,加工速度和图形推理具有显著的年龄差异。(2)结构方程模型表明,不论图形推理难易程度如何,工作记忆均中介了加工速度对图形推理能力的影响。(3)图形推理的难度越大,工作记忆对其的影响越大。结论:童年晚期加工速度通过工作记忆对图形推理能力产生影响,也就是说,工作记忆直接对图形推理能力产生影响,加工速度间接影响图形推理能力。此外,图形推理难度越大,越需要工作记忆的参与。This study investigated the effects of processing speed and working memory on figural reasoning ability during late childhood.A sample of 169 children,aged 10-12 years,completed assessments of processing speed tasks,working memory tasks,and Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices.The findings revealed the following:(1)The analysis of variance revealed significant age-related differences in both processing speed and figural reasoning.(2)Structural equation modeling showed that working memory mediated the relationship between processing speed and figural reasoning ability,regardless of task difficulty.(3)The greater the difficulty of the figural reasoning tasks,the stronger the impact of working memory.Conclusion:These results suggest that processing speed in late childhood affects figural reasoning ability through the mediation role of working memory.Working memory directly influences figural reasoning ability,while processing speed exerts an indirect influence through this cognitive mechanism.Furthermore,increased task complexity in figural reasoning requires greater involvement of working memory.

关 键 词：童年晚期 加工速度 工作记忆 图形推理 

分 类 号：B842.5[哲学宗教—基础心理学]