童年期家庭负性经历对青少年自伤行为的独立作用及累加效应  

The Unique and Cumulative Effects of Adverse Childhood Family Experiences on Adolescent Non-Suicidal Self-Injury

作　　者：王晖[1,2] 冯映雪 熊昱可 刘霞 Wang Hui;Feng Yingxue;Xiong Yuke;Liu Xia(Institute of Higher Education,Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124;Faculty of Psychology,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学高等教育研究院,北京100124 [2]北京师范大学心理学部,北京100875

出　　处：《心理学探新》2025年第2期185-192,共8页Psychological Exploration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32471115),国家资助博士后研究人员计划(GZC20240090)。

摘　　要：童年期家庭负性经历是指个体在童年期所遭受的来自家庭环境的负性经历,是青少年自伤行为的重要影响因素。通过同时纳入早期家庭环境中涉及忽视、虐待和功能不良三方面共10种负性经历,本研究全面系统地考察了童年期家庭负性经历对青少年自伤行为的独立作用、累加作用及性别差异。本研究采用问卷法调查了492名青少年,结果发现:(1)家庭忽视(情绪忽视和躯体忽视)、家庭虐待(情绪虐待、躯体虐待和性虐待)以及家庭功能不良(家庭成员物质滥用和目睹家庭暴力)对自伤具有显著单独预测作用。不过,在控制其他负性经历的影响后,仅情绪虐待、性虐待和目睹家庭暴力具有独立预测作用;(2)童年期的家庭负性经历对自伤具有累加效应;(3)父母离婚/分居对自伤作用的性别差异显著,表现为仅能显著预测女生的自伤风险;童年期家庭负性经历累加效应的性别差异不显著。Adverse childhood family experiences refer to the adverse experiences an individual suffers from the family environment in childhood and are an important influencing factor in adolescent Non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI).The current study selected ten common categories of adverse childhood experiences in family covering three fields,namely,maltreatment,neglect and family dysfunction to systematically examine the unique and cumulative effects of adverse childhood family experiences on adolescent NSSI and explore gender differences.492 adolescents(mean age 14.65±0.84 years old,232 males and 251 females)from Guizhou province were recruited through cluster random sampling method.The main results were as follows.(1)Most of adverse childhood family experiences including household substance abuse,witnessing parental violence,and five categories of childhood abuse and neglect had effect on NSSI.Only emotional abuse,sexual abuse,and witnessing parental violence still had significant unique effects after controlling other adverse childhood family experiences;(2)Different categories of adverse childhood family experiences had significant cumulative effect on NSSI,whereby the greater the number of adverse childhood family experiences,the greater the risks for adolescents to conduct NSSI;(3)The effects of parental divorce/separation were different in females and males.Specifically,the effect was only significant among females.As for the cumulative effect of adverse childhood family experiences,there was no significant gender difference.

关 键 词：童年期负性经历 自伤行为 独立作用 累加效应 青少年 

分 类 号：B848[哲学宗教—心理学]