面向儿童语言发展的两个假说——“语言-百科”孪生和“灵肉”协同  

Two Hypotheses for Children's Language Development:The Twinship of"Language-Encyclopedia"and the"Flesh-Soul"Synergy

作　　者：李宇明[1] 宫君卓 LI Yuming;GONG Junzhuo(Beijing Language and Culture Universit;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学 [2]华中师范大学语言与语言教育研究中心

出　　处：《当代语言学》2025年第2期159-174,共16页Contemporary Linguistics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“中国学前儿童语料库建设及运作研究”(19AYY010);国家社会科学基金重大项目“对标国家中文教育的二语习得理论创新研究”(23&ZD320)的支持。

摘　　要：本文提出“语言-百科”孪生和“灵肉”协同这两个相互关联的假说,用以更好地解释儿童语言发展机理,更好地进行儿童语言教育,凸显语言发展在儿童成长中的作用。“语言-百科”孪生假说认为,语言是一个相对独立但非自足的系统,它与百科智慧系统互依互促、共生互育、共享知识及运作规则。“灵肉”协同假说认为,语言系统与百科智慧系统(统称为“灵”)需要大脑和身体系统(统称为“肉”)的支撑,灵肉一体、协调互动。据此二假说,观察和解释儿童语言发展,需充分顾及儿童的身心发展。儿童是在语言生活中通过具身体验获得语言的,因此儿童语言教育的根本举措是优化儿童语言环境。儿童语言环境的构建,与家庭、学校、医疗机构和社会等四大领域的涉儿人群关系密切,研究和改善涉儿人群的“儿向交际”,提升“儿向语言产品”的质量,是儿童语言学的重要学术使命。This paper proposes two interrelated hypotheses:the Twinship of"Language-Encyclopedia"and the"Flesh-Soul"Synergy,aiming to provide a more comprehensive explanation for children's language development mechanisms,enhance language education for children,and underscore the significance of language development in their overall growth.The hypothesis of"Language-Encyclopedia"Twinship suggests that the encyclopedic knowledge system is an implicit knowledge network in the human brain,along with its operational mechanisms.It is both the product of human cognition and the foundation for understanding the world.This system consists of three subsystems:encyclopedic knowledge that has been formalized,encyclopedic experiences that remain unformalized and the brain's various cognitive decision-making mechanisms.According to this hypothesis,language as a relatively independent yet non-self-sufficient system,synergizes with the encyclopedic system to foster mutual growth through knowledge sharing and operational principles.The Hypothesis of"Flesh-Soul"Synergy posits that the soul(consisting of the language system and the encyclopedic knowledge system)relies on the support of the flesh(consisting of the brain-body system).Language processing and the retrieval of corresponding encyclopedic knowledge occur in specific brain regions,which are also connected to physical movements.Language activities thus involve the coordinated interaction of language,cognition,and physical experiences as an integrated"Flesh-Soul"process.According to these hypotheses,both the physical and mental aspects of children's development must be considered when observing and interpreting their language progression.Language development is inseparable from the accumulation of brainbody experiences and encyclopedic knowledge,which are rooted in children's life experiences.These experiences are largely created or guided by adults who interact with children.Therefore,while acknowledging innate factors in children's language development,it is crucial to emphasize ext

关 键 词：儿童语言习得 “语言一百科”孪生 “灵肉”协同 涉儿人群 儿童语言 环境 

分 类 号：H0-05[语言文字—语言学]