地方人才引进政策与家庭教育投资  

Local Talent Recruitment Policies and Household Educational Investments

作　　者：周广肃 于磊 Zhou Guangsu;Yu Lei

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学劳动人事学院/中国就业与民生研究院 [2]北京大学教育学院/教育经济研究所,100871

出　　处：《世界经济》2025年第4期117-143,共27页The Journal of World Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金专项项目“人口老龄化进程中的经济动态平衡与最优调控政策框架设计”(72342033)的资助。

摘　　要：随着人才强国战略的提出,各地相继制定了一系列政策来吸引优秀人才,但其效果缺乏全面评估。基于中国家庭追踪调查2010-2018年数据及与之匹配的城市层面政策数据,本文考察了地方人才引进政策对家庭教育投资的影响。结论显示,地方人才引进政策显著增加了家庭的孩均校外教育支出,但对校内教育支出无显著影响,这一效应源于教育收益率、高质量就业机会和就业福利三种渠道,且存在学段、资源约束和政策特征的异质性。本研究有助于深入理解人才强国战略下中国家庭的教育投资行为,也为人才政策的优化调整和中国人力资本的长期积累提供了新的分析视角。The 20th CPC National Congress report emphasised that talent constitutes the nation's first and foremost resource, highlighting the imperative to advance strategies for revitalisation through science, education and talent development, while fostering innovation-driven growth and promoting the rational allocation and balanced regional distribution of talent. In alignment with these objectives, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council introduced the National Program for Medium-and Long-term Talent Development(2010-2020) to facilitate efficient talent mobility and high-quality development. Consequently, local governments across China have implemented a series of local talent recruitment policies(LTRPs). Yet, the broader effects of these measures remain insufficiently examined.This study exploits a quasi-natural experiment generated by China's LTRPs to provide the systematic examination of their impact on household educational investments. Using microdata from the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS) spanning 2010-2018 matched with city-level LTRP records, the analysis employs a staggered difference-in-differences(DID) design. The results indicate that LTRPs significantly increase household expenditure on out-of-school education while showing no statistically significant effect on in-school educational expenditure. Three causal mechanisms drive these effects: enhanced returns to education, improved employment opportunities and superior employment benefits. At the intra-household level, the policies are associated with increased parental investments in extracurricular education for children with siblings and for girls. Inter-household heterogeneity analysis reveals that households with greater physical capital exhibit stronger responsiveness to these policy incentives in their extracurricular education spending.This study advances the literature through four principal contributions. First, drawing on human capital theory, it identifies three mechanisms-educational return rates, high-qual

关 键 词：人才引进政策 教育投资 人力资本 

分 类 号：G521[文化科学—教育学]