公共数据要素能提高企业劳动收入份额吗——基于建立公共数据开放平台的准自然实验  

Can Public Data Elements Increase Firms'Labor Income Share?A Quasi-natural Experiment Based on the Establishment of Open Platforms for Public Data

作　　者：孔东民[1] 石政 林爽 KONG Dongmin;SHI Zheng;LIN Shuang(Huazhong University of Science and Technology,430074;Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,430073)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学经济学院,430074 [2]中南财经政法大学金融学院,430073

出　　处：《财贸经济》2025年第4期77-94,共18页Finance & Trade Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“创新驱动发展战略下全面塑造发展新优势的路径研究”(21ZDA010)。

摘　　要：数据作为新型生产要素,可与其他生产要素相融合发挥乘数效应,是数字经济时代实现企业高质量发展的重要驱动力。本文以中国自2012年开始陆续上线城市公共数据开放平台为政策冲击,研究公共数据要素的增量供给对企业劳动收入份额的影响。利用2007—2022年中国A股上市公司数据,以交叠双重差分模型进行的实证检验发现:公共数据开放平台的建立将提高当地企业的劳动收入份额,这一影响主要通过促进企业数字化、激发企业创新活力两条路径实现。进一步分析发现:(1)高水平的公共数据开放平台会对劳动收入份额产生更明显的正向促进;(2)低技术水平企业的劳动收入份额受公共数据开放平台的影响更明显;(3)公共数据开放平台对劳动力资源匮乏以及流动不畅的地区的企业劳动收入份额影响更显著。As a new type of production factor,data elements are regarded as indispensable for firms to achieve high-quality development in the digital age,as it can exert the multiplier effect when integrating with other production factors.With the practical development of open platforms for public data in China,public data elements are gradually permeating various fields,including production,operations,and sales,resulting in significant shifts in traditional production models.However,the availability of data elements may impact the relative position of production factors in income distribution.A critical question arises:Does the incremental supply of public data brought by the open platforms affect firms'labor income share?This paper addresses this question by leveraging the policy shocks from the establishment of open platforms for public data initiated by municipal governments in China since 2012.Specifically,our empirical research uses a staggered Difference-In-Differences(DID)model and the panel data of Chinese Ashare listed firms from 2007 to 2022.The results show that the establishment of open platforms for public data increases the labor income share of local firms.This effect is primarily achieved through two pathways:Advancing business digitalization and stimulating corporate innovation.Further analysis reveals three key findings.(1)Open platforms for public data with higher quality have a more significant positive impact on firms'labor income share.(2)Firms with low technological levels experience a more significant increase in labor income share due to open platforms for public data.(3)The impact of open platforms for public data is more significant in areas with restricted labor resources or mobility.The marginal contributions of this paper are as follows.First,from the perspective of income distribution by factor of production,this paper innovatively explores the role of data elements in enhancing firms'labor income share,thereby expanding the boundaries of research on the determinants of labor income share.Se

关 键 词：公共数据开放平台 数据要素 劳动收入份额 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]