近代中国三次海外留学热潮及马克思主义传播  

Three Upsurges of Overseas Study in Modern Chinaand the Dissemination of Marxism

作　　者：曾长秋[1] 阮东彪 ZENG Changqiu;RUAN Dongbiao(School of Marxism,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;School of Marxism,Hunan First Normal University,Changsha 410205,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学马克思主义学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]湖南第一师范学院马克思主义学院,湖南长沙410205

出　　处：《邵阳学院学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期24-31,共8页Journal of Shaoyang University:Social Science Edition

摘　　要：近代以来中国有三次留学海外的热潮:第一次是晚清官派幼童赴美和留学西欧诸国,第二次是清末民初官派或自费留学日本,第三次是五四时期赴法国勤工俭学运动。这三次奔赴海外的留学人员,学成归国者数万,其中不乏救国志士,也有学界泰斗,更有“以俄为师”的中共建党先驱。他们对改变近代中国落后状态起了很大作用,同时也促进了马克思主义在中国传播。铭记这段历史,对今天留学归国实现民族复兴,也有巨大的现实意义。There have been three significant upsurges of overseas study in modern China.The first occurred during the late Qing Dynasty when the government sent young students to America and Western Europe.The second took place during the end of the Qing Dynasty and the early Republican period,with students either being sent to study in Japan or choosing to study there at their own expense.The third was the work-study movement in France,which emerged during the May Fourth Movement.Among all these overseas students,more than ten thousand returned home.Among them are patriotic heroes,academic leaders,and even pioneers of the Communist Party of China who took Russia as their teacher.Their contributions were crucial in changing modern China’s backwardness and promoting the dissemination of Marxism within the country.Remembering this historical period is highly relevant today for achieving national rejuvenation through studying abroad and returning home.

关 键 词：海外留学热潮 科教救国 马克思主义传播 历史启示 

分 类 号：B27[哲学宗教—中国哲学]