鄂西咸丰县茶园土壤和茶叶中锌含量及其影响因素分析  

Characteristics and influencing factors of zinc content in tea and the planting soil in Xianfeng county,western Hu-bei province

作　　者：段碧辉 孙奥 袁知洋 王芳 杨波涌 杨军 项剑桥 DUAN Bi-hui;SUN Ao;YUAN Zhi-yang;WANG Fang;YANG Bo-yong;YANG Jun;XIANG Jian-qiao(Hubei Institute of Geology,Wuhan Hubei 430034;Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Eco-Environment Geology,Wuhan Hubei 430034)

机构地区：[1]湖北省地质科学研究院,湖北武汉430034 [2]资源与生态环境地质湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430034

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2025年第3期48-56,共9页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金项目(2023AFD220);湖北省地质局项目(MSDZ202212、MSDZ201806、KJ2024-4)。

摘　　要：为查清实际生产条件下锌(Zn)在土壤-茶树系统中的迁移规律,在鄂西咸丰县采集了茶园表层土壤1478件、茶叶130组,测试了土壤的Zn、常量氧化物、有机碳含量及pH值和茶树根、茎、叶的Zn及重金属含量,并对土壤、茶树的Zn含量进行了相关性分析,研究了茶树Zn生物吸收系数的影响因素。结果表明,研究区茶园土壤Zn含量平均值为92.14 mg/kg,高于我国土壤Zn含量背景值(69 mg/kg)。土壤Zn垂向剖面上分布总体表现为由上至下递增或先减少后增加的趋势。土壤中Zn赋存形态以残渣态为主,其次为腐植酸态和铁锰氧化态,三者占土壤Zn总量的84.35%,生物可利用态Zn含量占比相对较小(水溶态和离子交换态Zn占比2.73%)。茶树嫩叶Zn平均含量为37.41 mg/kg,生物富集系数范围为15.95%~92.94%,不同部位Zn含量和生物富集系数均为嫩叶>根>茎>老叶,表明在实际生产中可以实现嫩叶Zn富集。相关分析表明,土壤有机碳与有效Zn含量呈显著正相关,pH值、常量氧化物对土壤Zn和Zn的生物有效性具有双重影响,高pH值和以SiO_(2)含量低、Fe_(2)O_(3)和Al_(2)O_(3)含量高的土壤能促进土壤Zn的累积,但也限制着Zn的生物有效性。In order to study the translocation and accumulation of zinc(Zn)in soil and tea tree system under actual production conditions,1478 soil samples and 130 sets of tea samples were collected in the Xianfeng county.The contents of Zn,constant oxide,organic carbon and pH value in soil,as well as the contents of heavy metals and Zn in different parts of tea plant were determined.The correlation analysis of Zn content in soil and tea was carried out,and the influencing factors of Zn biological absorption coefficient were studied.The results showed that the average Zn content in tea soil was 92.14 mg/kg,which was higher than the mean abundance of 69 mg/kg in China.For the profile distribution,the contents of Zn increased or first decreased and then increased with the depth increasing.The soil Zn was mainly in the form of residue,followed by the humic acid binding state and iron and manganese oxides,together accounting for 84.35%of the total pool.The proportion of average bio-available Zn content was relatively small(water-soluble Zn and ion-exchange Zn accounted for 2.73%).The average Zn content in tea was 37.41 mg/kg,and the range of bioconcentration factor was 15.95%-92.94%.According to the Zn content and bioconcentration factor,different parts of tea plant were ranked as tender leaves>roots>stems>old leaves,which indicated that Zn was easily to enrich in tea under actual production conditions.The correlation analysis showed that soil organic carbon content had significant positive correlation with available Zn content.Soil constant oxide and pH value had opposite effects on Zn and bioavailability of Zn in soil.Factors such as high pH degree,soil with low SiO_(2)content and high Fe_(2)O_(3)and Al_(2)O_(3)content could promote the accumulation of Zn in soil,but also limited the activity of available Zn.

关 键 词：锌 土壤-茶树系统 形态 生物有效性 影响因素 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]