中国喜马拉雅东段语言生态现状分析  

An Analysis of the Current Linguistic Ecology in the Eastern Himalayan Region of China

作　　者：谢颖莹 李大勤[1] Xie Yingying;Li Daqin

机构地区：[1]中国传媒大学人文学院,北京100024

出　　处：《语言战略研究》2025年第3期50-60,共11页Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中国民族语言大规模语法标注文本在线检索系统研制与建设研究”(21&ZD304);国家社科基金冷门绝学专项“新发现濒危松林语抢救性记录与研究”(20VJXG040)。

摘　　要：从语言多样性分布、语言濒危状况和跨中印实控线语言的生态差异以及实控线两侧语言研究积累等角度考察,中国喜马拉雅东段的语言生态建设存在4个“不足”:第一,该地区语言本体调查存在缺漏,对中方实控线外语言生态把控不足;第二,边境语言生态研究理念滞后,有效的语言数据资源供给不足;第三,现有的多语教育模式存在缺陷,特需语言人才储备严重不足;第四,基于大语言模型的资源平台建设相对滞后,数字化技术应用不足。据此建议:整合国内外研究成果,构建喜马拉雅东段语言知识图谱与数据库;重视活态语言文化资源的调查,优化语言资源供给;重构多语教育生态,储备特需语言人才;建立动态监测机制,以维护边境语言生态,建设边境语言能力。This study examines the current state of linguistic ecology in the eastern section of China's Himalayan region,focusing on four key aspects:the distribution of linguistic diversity,the status quo of language endangerment,ecological dif ferences of languages across the China-India line of actual control(LAC),and the uneven accumulation of linguistic research on either sides of the LAC.The findings highlight four major areas of insu fficiency in the construction of a sustainable language ecology in this region:First,there is inadequacy in the documentation of languages within the region,and limited knowledge of the language ecology beyond China's LAC.Second,the current approaches to researching borderland linguistic ecology are conceptually outdated,and the supply of reliable and up-to-date language data resources is inadequate.Third,the existing multilingual education model has structural deficiencies,resulting in a severe shortage of specialized language talent.Fourth,the development of resource platforms based on large language models is lagging,and the application of digital technologies in linguistic preservation and research remains limited.To address these challenges,the following recommendations are proposed:First,integrating domestic and international research findings to construct a comprehensive language knowledge spectrum and database for the eastern Himalayan region.Second,prioritizing surveys of living languages and cultural resources to expand the repository of linguistic resources.Third,reconstructing a more inclusive and functional multilingual education ecosystem to build up reserves of specialized language talents.Finally,establishing a dynamic monitoring mechanism to safeguard borderland linguistic ecology and enhance national border language capacity.

关 键 词：喜马拉雅东段 语言调查 边境语言生态 “跨线”语言 

分 类 号：H002[语言文字—语言学]