衰弱与肌少症评估在胃肠道肿瘤术后结局预测中的应用与展望  

Application and perspectives of frailty and sarcopenia assessment in predicting postoperative outcomes of gastrointestinal tumours

作　　者：王宝炫 焦杰 张厚君 刘奇 于冠英 WANG Baoxuan;JIAO Jie;ZHANG Houjun;LIU Qi;YU Guanying(Graduate Department,Shandong First Medical University(Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences),Jinan 250117,Shandong,China;Second Department of Gastrointestinal and External Surgery,Central Hospital Affiliatedto Shandong First Medical University,Jinan 250013,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院)研究生部,山东济南250117 [2]山东第一医科大学附属中心医院胃肠外二科,山东济南250013

出　　处：《山东大学学报(医学版)》2025年第4期51-58,共8页Journal of Shandong University:Health Sciences

基　　金：济南市卫生健康委员会科技计划项目(2023-2-18);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2021MH104,ZR2020MH208);山东省青年泰山学者计划(tsqn201909178);山东省医学会齐鲁医学专项(YKH2022K02112)。

摘　　要：衰弱和肌少症是胃肠道肿瘤患者术前常见的并存状态,通过炎症通路和代谢异常机制相互作用,显著增加术后并发症和死亡风险。然而,目前针对衰弱与肌少症的评估工具多独立开展,尚缺乏联合评估的统一体系。本研究系统梳理了衰弱与肌少症的诊断方法及其在胃肠道肿瘤患者术后结局预测中的应用,并强调早期识别与干预的重要性,但区域性限制和评估工具差异性仍需未来多中心研究进一步验证。结合人工智能的精准预测模型将为优化干预方案和改善患者预后提供新方向,为围手术期管理和临床决策带来新的思路。Frailty and sarcopenia are common comorbidities in patients with gastrointestinal tumours before surgery.Through mechanisms involving inflammatory pathways and metabolic abnormalities,these conditions significantly increase the risk of postoperative complications and mortality.However,current assessment tools for frailty and sarcopenia are often used independently,and a unified system for combined assessment is still lacking.This study systematically reviews the diagnostic methods for frailty and sarcopenia and their application in predicting postoperative outcomes in patients with gastrointestinal tumours,highlighting the importance of early detection and intervention.Despite its innovative nature,this study is limited by regional limitations and variability in assessment tools,which require further validation through future multicentre studies.The integration of precision prediction models based on artificial intelligence offers a new direction for optimising intervention strategies and improving patient outcomes,so as to provide novel insights for perioperative management and clinical decision-making.

关 键 词：衰弱 肌少症 胃肠道肿瘤 围手术期管理 人工智能预测模型 临床营养 

分 类 号：R735.2[医药卫生—肿瘤] R735.3[医药卫生—临床医学] R459.3