矿山废弃地生态问题及修复方法  

The Ecological Issues and Restoration Methods of Abandoned Mine Lands

作　　者：田芳 Tian Fang(Sinoma mining Conctruction Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing,Jiangsu 211135)

机构地区：[1]中材矿山建设有限公司,江苏南京211135

出　　处：《非金属矿》2025年第2期119-123,共5页Non-Metallic Mines

摘　　要：国内矿山企业数量多、产量增加,但开采造成多个废弃矿山,存在地质灾害、土地资源破坏、地下水系统破坏及土壤、水和空气污染等生态问题。目前国内外生态修复方式主要集中在物理、化学、生物、联合修复等方面,以重建自我维持、植被覆盖为目标。通过对国内矿山开采现状、废弃矿山存在的生态问题及修复进展进行研究。以无为市石涧镇恨虎山废弃矿山为例,采用“物理修复+化学修复+植物修复+其他辅助措施”综合方法,消除地质灾害隐患,修复地形地貌,改善土壤条件,实现植被绿化,有效治理了废弃矿山生态环境,为矿山废弃地生态修复提供了实践参考。The number of domestic mining enterprises is large,and production has increased,but mining activities have led to numerous abandoned mines,presenting ecological problems such as geological hazards,destruction of land resources,damage to groundwater systems,and pollution of soil,water,and air.Currently,ecological restoration methods both domestically and internationally mainly focus on physical,chemical,biological,and combined restoration approaches,aiming to rebuild self-sustaining ecosystems with vegetation cover.By study the current status of domestic mining,the ecological issues associated with abandoned mines,and the progress in their restoration.Taking the abandoned mine at Henghu Mountain in Shijian Town,Wuwei City as an example,a comprehensive method of“physical restoration+chemical restoration+phytoremediation+other auxiliary measures”was adopted to eliminate geological hazards,restore the terrain and landscape,improve soil conditions,and achieve vegetation greening,effectively managing the ecological environment of the abandoned mine and providing practical references for the ecological restoration of abandoned mining lands.

关 键 词：矿山开采 废弃地 生态问题 联合修复 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]