论宅基地上房屋买卖协议效力之认定  

On the Determination of the Validity of the Agreement for the Purchase and Sale of Houses on Residential Land

作　　者：王刚[1] Wang Gang

机构地区：[1]青海民族大学法学院,青海西宁810007

出　　处：《河南社会科学》2025年第5期19-29,共11页Henan Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“土地要素市场化配置改革中增值收益分配法治问题研究”(21BFX082)。

摘　　要：宅基地虽承载着农民住房保障的功能,但其自身又具有资产的经济属性,宅基地问题始终是农村土地议题中一个极为关键且棘手的核心问题,尤其是宅基地上房屋买卖协议的效力在实践和理论上仍存在较大争议。通过对1231份裁判文书梳理可见,当前协议被认定为无效的情形较为普遍,有效认定情形较少。但无效认定法律依据不足,有效认定又面临政策阻碍。随着社会的发展,宅基地自身具有的经济属性日益凸显。应在“三权分置”改革的大背景下,探求公益与私益调和与兼顾的路径。在不违反国家禁止性规定,也未损及社会公共利益的前提下,正视效率优于分配的现实需求,适度考量开禁身份限制,结合具体案情,综合分析判断宅基地上房屋买卖协议效力并合理确认责任划分与损失认定,探索引入法定租赁权以弥补制度缺憾。Although the residence base carries the function of the farmers housing security,but also has the economic attributes of the assets,the residence base issue is always a rural land issues in an extremely critical and thorny core issues,especially the residence base on the effectiveness of the agreement on the purchase and sale of housing in practice and theory there is still a large controversy.Through the 1231 referee documents combing,the current agreement is recognized as invalid situation is more common,the validity of the situation is less.But the invalid determination of the legal basis is insufficient,effective determination and face policy obstacles.With the development of society,the residential base itself has the economic attributes of assets increasingly prominent.In the context of“three rights”reform,we should explore the path to reconcile and balance public and private interests.On the premise of not violating the national prohibitions and not harming the social public interest,facing up to the reality that efficiency is better than distribution,and taking into account the status restrictions,combined with the specific case,comprehensively analyzing and judging the validity of the agreement of sale and purchase of houses on the homestead and reasonably confirming the division of responsibility and loss,and exploring the introduction of legal rental rights to make up for the shortcomings of the system.

关 键 词：三权分置 宅基地使用权 房屋买卖协议效力 

分 类 号：D9[政治法律—法学]