例外性补充兜底救济:实质性解决行政争议视角下的行政涉诉信访法治化改革路径  

Exceptional Supplementary and Ultimate Relief:The Legalization Reform Path of Administrative Litigation-Related Petitions from the Perspective of Substantive Resolution of Administrative Disputes

作　　者：张隆淇 ZHANG Longqi(Law School,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学法学院,北京100088

出　　处：《昆明理工大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期28-37,共10页Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“中国共产党领导法治工作历史进程与经验研究”(21JZD009)。

摘　　要：行政涉诉信访因面广量多、成因复杂、处理困难和社会影响严重等问题备受关注。法治化改革是破解行政涉诉信访困境的必然选择。作为行政涉诉信访法治化改革的主要内容,诉访分离、信访终结和信访工作责任制的实践效果与预期效果相去甚远。行政涉诉信访法治化改革存在完善空间。实质性解决行政争议既契合信访制度群众性的根本属性,又契合行政涉诉信访法治化的改革趋势。信访机关在多元实质性解决行政争议治理机制中具有独特优势,有必要将实质性解决行政争议引入行政涉诉信访领域。在实质性解决行政争议视角下,不仅要通过细化信访听证的情形规定、提升信访机关的释法说理能力来提升信访工作的法治化水平;还要明确信访机关在多元实质性解决行政争议治理机制中“补充兜底”的角色定位,其作用空间在于行政机关、审判机关和检察机关未能实质性解决的行政争议和无法被纳入到行政复议和行政诉讼受案范围内的行政争议。Administrative litigation-related petitions have drawn significant attention because of their extensive scope,complex causes,challenges in resolution,and severe societal implications.Legalization reform is an inevitable choice to address the dilemmas of administrative litigation-related petitions.As key components of this reform,the separation of litigation and petitions,the termination of petitions,and the accountability system for petition management have fallen short of their expected outcomes.There remains substantial room for improvement in the legalization reform of administrative litigation-related petitions.The substantive resolutions of administrative disputes align with both the fundamental attribute of people-centeredness of China's petition system(Xinfang)and the reform trend toward legalizing administrative litigation-related petitions.Moreover,petition agencies possess unique advantages within the pluralistic governance mechanism for the substantive resolution of administrative disputes.Therefore,it is necessary to introduce the substantive resolution of administrative disputes into the field of administrative litigation-related petitions.From this perspective,efforts should not only be taken to enhance the legalization level of petition work by refining regulations on petition hearings and improving petition agencies'capacity for legal interpretation and reasoning but also clarify the role of petition agencies as a“supplementary and ultimate safeguard”within the pluralistic governance mechanism.Their function lies in addressing administrative disputes that fail to be substantively resolved by administrative,judicial,or procuratorial authorities,as well as those excluded from the scope of administrative reconsideration and litigation.By defining the role and scope of petition agencies in this mechanism,the legalization reform of administrative litigation-related petitions can be advanced.

关 键 词：行政涉诉信访 法治化 行政争议 实质性解决 群众性 

分 类 号：D925.3[政治法律—诉讼法学] D922.1[政治法律—法学]