基于数据挖掘分析脑小血管疾病的中医证候特点和用药规律  

Characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes and medication patterns in cerebral small vessel disease based on data mining

作　　者：张红[1] 兰闻禹 杨世伟 曾爽 刘昊[1] 杨添淞[2] 冯楚文 李书霖[2] ZHANG Hong;LAN Wenyu;YANG Shiwei;ZENG Shuang;LIU Hao;YANG Tiansong;FENG Chuwen;LI Shulin(Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin,Heilongjiang,150040;the First HospitalAffiliated to Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin,Heilongjiang,150040)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江中医药大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江中医药大学附属第一医院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《实用临床医药杂志》2025年第8期6-11,共6页Journal of Clinical Medicine in Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(82074539);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2021H093);黑龙江省中医药经典普及化研究专项课题项目(ZYW2024-015)。

摘　　要：目的运用数据挖掘探索脑小血管疾病(CSVD)的中医证候特点和中药用药规律。方法在中国知网、万方、维普数据库中检索自建库至2024年9月1日公开发表的中药治疗CSVD的临床研究文献。对证候、药物频次、性味归经进行分析,并利用R4.4.1软件对中药的关联度、相关性及聚类分析进行挖掘,探讨其治疗CSVD的用药规律。结果共筛选出60首治疗CSVD的处方,提取142味中药,用药总频次为1312次。其中,使用频次前5位的药物依次为川芎、当归、地龙、黄芪、赤芍。药性以温、寒为主;药味以辛、苦、甘为主;归经以肝、脾、心经为主。获得29条强关联规则,关联分析形成以川芎、赤芍、当归为核心的药物组方。聚类分析得到5类药物组合。结论CSVD属本虚标实之证,治疗应补虚泻实、通补兼施。以活血化瘀药物为主,常与益肾填髓、平肝息风、开窍醒神的药物配伍应用。Objective To explore the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome characteristics and medication patterns of cerebral small vessel disease(CSVD)using data mining techniques.Methods Clinical research literature on TCM treatment of CSVD,published from the establishment of the database to September 1,2024,was retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang,and VIP databases.Analyses were conducted on syndromes,drug frequencies,properties,flavors,and meridian tropisms.Data mining was performed using R4.4.1 software to explore associations,correlations,and clustering of TCM herbs,aiming to elucidate medication patterns in CSVD treatment.Results A total of 60 prescription formulas for treating CSVD were screened,involving 142 TCM herbs with a total usage frequency of 1,312 times.The top five most frequently used herbs were Chuanxiong,Danggui,Dilong,Huangqi,and Chishao.Herb properties were predominantly warm and cold;flavors were mainly pungent,bitter,and sweet;and meridian tropisms were primarily to the liver,spleen,and heart meridians.Twenty-nine strong association rules were identified,and association analysis revealed core herbal combinations centered around Chuanxiong,Chishao,and Danggui.Clustering analysis yielded five herbal combinations.Conclusion CSVD is characterized by a deficiency in essence and excess in superficiality.Treatment should focus on tonifying deficiencies and eliminating excesses,combining both tonification and purgation methods.Medication patterns predominantly involve herbs for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,often combined with herbs for nourishing the kidney and marrow,calming the liver and suppressing wind,and awakening the mind and opening the orifices.

关 键 词：脑小血管病 R语言 中医证候 用药规律 数据挖掘 中医药 关联规则 药物配伍 

分 类 号：R743[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R289.5[医药卫生—临床医学] R282.7