《PISA-VET:评估与分析框架》对我国职教高考大规模职业技能测试的启示  

PISA-VET:Evaluation and Analysis Framework Implications for the Large-scale Vocational Skill Tests of the Vocational College Entrance Examination in China

作　　者：周英文 方雅琪 ZHOU Yingwen;FANG Yaqi(Key Research Base for Humanities and Social Sciences in Jiangxi Province,Research Institute for Modernization Development of Chinese-style Vocational Education,Nanchang 330038,China;Faculty of Education,Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University,Nanchang 330038,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省高校人文社科重点研究基地、中国式职业教育现代化发展研究院,江西南昌330038 [2]江西科技师范大学教育学部,江西南昌330038

出　　处：《宁波职业技术学院学报》2025年第3期20-25,32,共7页Journal of Ningbo Polytechnic

基　　金：江西省高校人文社科重点研究基地中国式职业教育现代化发展研究院开放基金项目“微认证赋能本科职教师范生职业能力精准测评研究”(2023KFJJ45);2024年江西省职业教育与成人教育教学改革研究委托(重点)课题“基于不同办学水平和类型的职业院校综合考核制度研究”(JXJG-24-10-21)。

摘　　要：职业技能测试是职教高考大规模测评实施的难点。经济合作与发展组织借鉴PISA的经验和新技术,开发了《PISA-VET:评估与分析框架》。PISA-VET框架与职教高考同样服务于大规模考试评分,其技能水平测试的大规模实施具有一定参考价值。具体来看,PISA-VET框架的制定旨在弥补职业教育缺乏国际比较数据的空白,也是为了通过国际标准化评估强化国家技能体系,彰显就业技能在工作世界中的重要地位。其评估范围主要涉及五个职业领域,分别是汽车技术、电气与电子、工商管理、医疗保健、旅游和酒店管理。通过岗位定位、工作内容分析、能力水平划分和题项设计,制定了职业教育的国际学生评估。基于此,职教高考有必要通过标准先行,架构职教高考底层逻辑支撑体系;利用数字驱动,建立标准化职业技能测评规范;通过多元协同,优化职教高考中央和地方联动实施路径。The implementation of large-scale professional ability tests for vocational college entrance examinations poses difficulties.To address this issue,the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development has adapted the experience and new technologies from Program for International Student Assessment(PISA)to develop the PISA-VET:Evaluation and Analysis Framework.The PISA-VET framework,like the vocational education college entrance examination,also serves the scoring of large-scale examinations,and its large-scale implementation of skills level testing has certain reference value.Specifically,the development of the framework aims to fill the gap in international comparative data on vocational education and to strengthen national skills systems through internationally standardized assessments,highlighting the important role of employability skills in the working world.The assessment scope primarily covers five occupational fields:automotive technician,business and administration,electrician,nursing/healthcare assistant and hotel receptionist.By defining job positions,analyzing job content,dividing skill levels,and designing test questions,PISA-VET framework has been established.Based on this,it is necessary for the vocational education college entrance examination to establish a support system for its underlying logic by prioritizing standards,build standardized vocational skills assessment norms driven by digital technology,and optimize the implementation path of the central-local linkage in the vocational education college entrance examination through multi-party collaboration.

关 键 词：PISA-VET 职教高考 职业技能测试 大规模测评 

分 类 号：G710[文化科学—职业技术教育学]