以礼修身:董仲舒礼学修养论发微  

On Self-cultivation with Rites:A Brief Introduction to Dong Zhongshu’s Theory of Rites-centered Moral Cultivation

作　　者：张晓丹 Zhang Xiaodan(School of Marxism,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学马克思主义学院,重庆401331

出　　处：《衡阳师范学院学报》2025年第2期60-65,共6页Journal of Hengyang Normal University

基　　金：重庆师范大学校级基金项目“董仲舒礼治思想研究”(23XWB048);重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学研究项目“中国式现代化对数字景观价值悖论的超越”(24SKJD076)。

摘　　要：董仲舒的礼学修养论以儒家心性论与礼法传统为根基,通过创造性整合儒道思想与阴阳五行学说,构建了“以礼修心”“以礼养气”“以礼延寿”的修养论体系。在以礼修心层面,董仲舒尤为强调以礼义养心,主张通过外在礼义规范与内在自省实现道德主体的节制与超越;在以礼养气层面,他将人体血气运行与阴阳五行相贯通,提出以礼顺应天道、调和身心的修养方法;在以礼延寿层面,他则部分地借鉴道家的道德养生论,论证礼对身心和谐的促进作用,为孔子的“仁者寿”主张提供礼学依据。董仲舒的礼学修养论不仅为汉代政治提供了“正心以正朝廷”的理论合法性,也为此后儒家的道德修养论提供了可资借鉴的范本。Dong Zhongshu’s theory on the cultivation of rites is based on the Confucian theory of mind and nature and the tradition of rites and laws.By creatively integrating Confucian and Taoist thoughts with the theories of Yin-Yang and the Five Elements,he has es⁃tablished a system of cultivation theories that emphasizes“cultivating the mind through rites”(以礼修心),“nurturing qi through rites”(以礼养气),and“prolonging life through rites”(以礼延寿).In terms of cultivating the mind through propriety,Dong Zhongshu particu⁃larly emphasized nurturing the mind with propriety and righteousness,advocating the restraint and transcendence of the moral subject through external norms of propriety and righteousness and internal self-reflection.In terms of cultivating qi through propriety,he inte⁃grated the circulation of blood and qi in the human body with the five elements of Yin and Yang,and proposed a method of self-cultiva⁃tion that conforms to the natural order and harmonizes the body and mind through propriety.In terms of prolonging life through rituals,he partially drew on the Taoist theory of moral health preservation to demonstrate the promoting effect of rituals on the harmony of the body and mind,providing a ritual basis for Confucius’proposition that“the benevolent live long”(仁者寿).Dong Zhongshu’s theory on the cultivation of rites not only provided the theoretical legitimacy of“rectifying the heart to rectify the court”for the politics of the Han Dynasty,but also offered a reference model for the moral cultivation theory of Confucianism in the future.

关 键 词：董仲舒 礼 修身 修心 养气 

分 类 号：B222[哲学宗教—中国哲学]