两种语言、两种日常——布朗肖的日常生活批判  

Two Languages,Two Everyday Lives:Blanchot's Critique of Everyday Life

作　　者：赵苓岑 ZHAO Lingcen(School of Foreign Languages,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学外国语学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《文化艺术研究》2025年第2期35-42,113,共9页Studies in Culture and Art

摘　　要：作为法国日常思想的关键人物之一,莫里斯·布朗肖从语言-存在这个维度思考日常,认为语言分为工具性日常言语与诗的语言,日常分为表象的日常与真正的日常。工具性的日常言语所表现的只能是表象的日常,而非真正的日常。无论是表象的日常还是真正的日常,都具有匿名性。布朗肖由此在《日常的言语》中提出核心问题:日常言语如何因为工具性令日常沦为表象?两种日常有何区别,如何匿名?如何打造一种语言进行日常生活批判,日常生活批判究竟又意味着什么?虽然布朗肖仅以该文提出自己的日常生活批判,但在学界看来,无论之于日常思想还是文学批评,都是一个重要的转向。他综合了海德格尔语言-存在的思想、现象学匿名、语言学与文学批评等,另辟蹊径从语言的角度探索真正的日常,并将日常思想纳入文学批评,甚至借《国际杂志》的创刊实践了这一文学式日常生活批判。As a key figure in French thought on the everyday,Maurice Blanchot examines daily life through the lens of language-existence.He distinguishes between instrumental everyday speech and poetic language,as well as between apparent everyday life and true everyday life.Instrumental everyday speech can only express the apparent everyday,not the true everyday.Both the apparent and the true everyday share a quality of anonymity.In Everyday Speech,Blanchot raises a central question:How does the instrumental nature of everyday speech reduce daily life to mere appearances?What differentiates these two forms of the everyday,and how do they manifest anonymity?How can a language be forged to critique everyday life,and what does such a critique entail?Although Blanchot introduces his critique of everyday life mainly in this work,scholars consider it a significant shift in both everyday thought and literary criticism.Drawing from Heidegger's philosophy of language-existence,phenomenological anonymity,linguistics,and literary criticism,Blanchot takes a unique approach by exploring the true everyday through language.He integrates everyday thought into literary criticism and even puts this literary critique of everyday life into practice through the founding of Revue Internationale.

关 键 词：日常生活批判 布朗肖 海德格尔 语言 《国际杂志》 

分 类 号：I01[文学—文学理论]