真空自耗电弧炉的弧压与熔速自动控制系统研究  

Research on control system of arc voltage and melting speed in vacuum consumable arc furnaces

作　　者：袁亨通 宋阳 孙鹏飞 王伟 YUAN Hengtong;SONG Yang;SUN Pengfei;WANG Wei(Western Metal Materials Co.Ltd.,Xi'an 710201,China)

机构地区：[1]西部金属材料股份有限公司,陕西西安710201

出　　处：《有色设备》2025年第2期90-95,共6页Nonferrous Metallurgical Equipment

基　　金：陕西省稀有金属装备制造共性技术研发平台(2024ZG-GXPT-02)。

摘　　要：针对真空自耗电弧炉的自动控制系统,根据炉体结构、技术规格要求以及熔炼工艺,提出了弧压控制与熔速控制结合的综合控制策略。阐述了补偿重量与熔速的计算方法,针对每种控制方法设计了程序的采样算法和思路,确保了控制系统的有效实施与精确调控。深入剖析了弧压与电流耦合现象产生的原因,并提出了解决方案。应用结果发现,熔速波动减小了约28.2%,熔速的控制效果良好,能有效减小电压波动。该控制策略的实施,对于提升真空自耗电弧炉的操作稳定性、优化熔炼过程、提高生产效率及产品质量等方面,具有重要的实践价值与理论意义。A comprehensive control strategy combining arc pressure and melting rate is proposed for the automatic control system of vacuum consuming arc furnace,based on the furnace structure,technical specifications,and melting process.The calculation methods for compensating weight and melting rate were explained,and program design ideas were provided for each control method to ensure the effective implementation and precise regulation of the control system.In addition,this paper deeply analyzes the reasons for the coupling phenomenon between arc voltage and current,and proposes solutions.The application results showed that the melt speed fluctuation was reduced by about 28.2%,and the melt speed was well controlled to reduce the voltage fluctuation.The implementation of this control strategy has shown important practical value and theoretical significance in improving the operational stability of vacuum consumable arc furnaces,optimizing the melting process,improving production efficiency and product quality,and other aspects.

关 键 词：真空自耗电弧炉 弧压 补偿重量 熔速计算 PID控制 

分 类 号：TF132[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]