以术援儒:陆游术数观探析  

Integrating Shushu into Confucianism:An Exploration and Analysis of Lu You's Thought on Shushu

作　　者：王逸之 刘洁 WANG Yi-zhi;LIU Jie(School of History and Culture,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 710119,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学历史文化学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《青海师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期51-57,共7页Journal of Qinghai Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“宋学视域下的术数思想研究”(21BZX066)。

摘　　要：面对儒学在“知天命”问题上的不足,一些士大夫试图向外寻求补足之法,以“算命”“改命”为立场的术数,便成为关注的焦点。陆游高度认可术数价值,主张对术数进行妥当利用,积极问卜命运。一方面,陆游抵制不符合儒家主张的术数活动,在儒家伦理与术数之说产生矛盾时,他坚决维护儒本位;另一方面,陆游以术援儒,试图将术数纳入到儒家文化体系当中,为术数寻求存在的合理性。他首先认可术数在“知天命”问题上的价值,证明术数可以援补儒之所缺,其次将术数赋予道德教化责任,尝试寓教于卜,既缓解儒术矛盾,又助力儒者于道德层面教化民众,从而进一步深化儒家对于整体社会的道德引领。如此,术数便在当时社会文化下具有了合理性。In the face of the lack of Confucianism on the issue of“knowing the personal destiny determined by heaven”,some scholar-officials tried to seek ways to make up for it.Shushu,with“fortune telling”and“life changing”as the position,has become the focus of their attention.Lu You highly recognized the value of Shushu,advocated the proper use of Shushu,and actively explored personal destiny through Shushu activities.On the one hand,Lu You resisted Shushu activities that did not conform to Confucianism's propositions.When Confucianism's propositions in terms of morality and ethics contradicted the propositions of Shushu culture,he resolutely defended Confucianism.On the other hand,Lu You tried to establish the rationality of the existence of Shushu in Confucianism,and incorporate Shushu into Confucianism.He firstly recognized the value of Shushu on the issue of“knowing the personal destiny determined by heaven”and proved that Shushu can supplement the deficiency of Confucianism.Secondly,he endowed divination with the responsibility of moral education,and tired to subtly realize the purpose of education in divination activities.This not only alleviates the contradiction between Confucianism and Shushu,but also helps Confucians to educate the people at the moral level,thus further deepening the moral guidance of Confucianism to the whole society.In this way,Shushu was reasonable in the society with Confucianism as the main culture at that time.

关 键 词：陆游 术数 命运 儒学 

分 类 号：B244.99[哲学宗教—中国哲学]