聚合物改性沥青老化机理研究综述  

A Review of Aging Mechanism on Polymer-modified Asphalt Binders

作　　者：张园 曹子萱 虞将苗 于华洋 邹桂莲[1] ZHANG Yuan;CAO Zixuan;YU Jiangmiao;YU Huayang;ZOU Guilian(School of Civil Engineering and Transportation,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China;State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building and Urban Science,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,China;Central Fortune Creation Technology Group Co.,Ltd.,Foshan 528000,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学土木与交通学院,广州510641 [2]华南理工大学亚热带建筑与城市科学国家重点实验室,广州510640 [3]华运通达科技集团有限公司,广东佛山528000

出　　处：《材料导报》2025年第10期63-74,共12页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学家基金(海外)(22FAA02811);珠江高层次人才引进计划(青年拔尖人才)(2021QN02G744);中央高校基本科研业务费(SCUT 2023ZYGXZR001);佛山市科技创新团队专项(2120001010776)。

摘　　要：本文综述了三大类在沥青中常用的聚合物改性剂及其对沥青性能的改善;分析老化作用对聚合物改性沥青性能的影响,着重从聚合物相降解、链断裂及自由基形成三方面阐明了聚合物改性沥青的老化机理,归纳了不同聚合物改性沥青在宏观与微观尺度上老化的差异;最后梳理了基于老化机理研究的抗氧化剂的研究现状。结果表明:目前沥青中常用的聚合物主要包括热塑性弹性体、热固性弹性体、塑料三类;聚合物改性沥青与基质沥青表现出不同的老化特征,是由于聚合物降解在改性沥青老化中占主导作用;宏观上,聚合物改性沥青的老化包括沥青氧化和聚合物相降解,微观上,聚合物改性沥青的老化机理包括沥青分子脱氢、环烷芳构化、聚合物分子断链、含氧基团的形成以及聚合物基团与沥青基团的化学物理交联反应。目前聚合物降解程度的研究方法包括溶剂油法、萃取法和特征峰法,这三种方法各有优劣,未来需探索更多聚合物降解表征试验方法。此外,建议从改性沥青宏观物理流变性能、微观结构与分子运动规律出发建立完整的老化理论体系。同时,从多功能性、经济性、可持续性和长效性等方面综合考虑开发抗氧化剂,也是未来研究中需重点关注的方向之一。This paper reviews three types of polymer modifiers commonly used in asphaltbinders and their improvement in the performance of asphalt binders,analyses the effect of aging on polymer-modified asphalt.Moreover,the aging mechanism of polymer-modified asphalt binders is explained from polymer phase degradation,chain breakage,and free radical formation respectively.Differences in different polymer-modified asphalt binders due to aging at the macro and micro scales have been generalized.Finally,the research progress of antioxidants based on aging mechanism is summarized.The results show that the three main types of polymers used in asphalt are thermoplastic elastomers,thermoset elastomers,and plastics.Polymer-modified asphalt binders exhibit different aging characteristics from base asphalt binders,resulting from the dominant role of polymer degradation in the aging of modified asphalt binders.Macroscopically,the aging of polymer-modified asphalt includes oxidation of the base binders and degradation of the polymer phase.Microscopically,this includes dehydrogenation of the asphalt molecule,cycloalkane aromatization,polymer molecule chain breakage,the formation of oxygen-containing groups,and chemical-physical cross-linking of the polymer and asphalt binders groups.Currently,the methods for studying polymer degradation levels include the solvent oil method,extraction met-hod and characteristic peak method,which have their pros and cons,and more experimental methods for polymer degradation characterization need to be explored in the future.In addition,it is recommended to establish a complete aging theory system from various aspects such as rheological properties,microstructure,and molecular dynamics.At the same time,the development of antioxidants from the multifunctionality,economy,sustainability,and long-lasting and other aspects of comprehensive consideration is also one of the directions in future research.

关 键 词：聚合物改性沥青 老化机理 降解 抗老化 

分 类 号：U414[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]