南方校园不同生境红火蚁季节消长研究  

Study on the Seasonal Changes of Red Fire Ants in Different Ecological Environments of Southern Campus

作　　者：朱玉 邓晗嵩 唐玉敏 饶琴丹 ZHU Yu;DENG Hansong;TANG Yumin;RAO Qindan(Minzu Normal University of Xingyi,Xingyi 562400,China)

机构地区：[1]兴义民族师范学院,贵州兴义562400

出　　处：《科技创新与生产力》2025年第4期62-66,共5页Sci-tech Innovation and Productivity

基　　金：贵州省大学生创新创业项目(S202210666448)。

摘　　要：本文针对兴义民族师范学院不同生境的红火蚁蚁巢密度展开了调查与研究,根据人为扰动的情况及植被的差异,在校园内选取了4个不同生境进行调查研究,分析红火蚁消长情况及变化规律。研究表明:红火蚁活动蚁巢的大小在不同生境均呈明显的季节消长,波动较明显的是在9月,可从平均周长和平均高度分别体现,前者从大到小依次为:教学绿化带区>三角梅种植区>人工草坪区>大棚外围区,后者从大到小依次为:三角梅种植区>教学绿化带区>人工草坪区>大棚外围区;不同生境的红火蚁发生率无显著差异(χ^(2)=3.626,P>0.05),其中三角梅区的发生率为88.23%,大棚区发生率为85.71%,教学区发生率为56.67%,人工草坪发生率为54.00%,说明人为扰动对红火蚁发生的影响不明显;红火蚁的种群数量有明显的季节消长。在9月种群数量最大,在3月达到最小值。为制定科学的红火蚁防治方法提供参考。This paper investigates and studies the nest density of red fire ants in different ecological environments at Minzu Normal University of Xingyi.Based on human disturbance and differences in vegetation,four different ecological environments are selected on campus for investigation and research,analyzing the growth and decline of red fire ants and their changing patterns.Research has shown that the size of the active ant nests of red fire ants shows significant seasonal fluctuations in different ecological environments,with the most obvious fluctuations occurring in September,which can be reflected in the average circumference and average height.The former is ranked from large to small as follows:teaching green belt area>triangular plum planting area>artificial lawn area>greenhouse periphery area,while the latter is ranked from large to small as follows:triangular plum planting area>teaching green belt area>artificial lawn area>greenhouse periphery area;There is no significant difference in the incidence of red fire ants in different ecological environments(χ^(2)=3.626,P>0.05),with an incidence of 88.23%in the Bougainvillea area,85.71%in the greenhouse area,56.67%in the teaching area,and 54.00%in the artificial lawn area,indicating that human disturbance has little effect on the occurrence of red fire ants;the population of red fire ants shows significant seasonal fluctuations.The population reaches its maximum in September and its minimum in March.This paper is to provide reference for the development of scientific methods for controlling red fire ants.

关 键 词：红火蚁 生境 季节消长 

分 类 号：F713.55[经济管理—市场营销]