急性缺血性卒中院前延迟风险预测模型的构建及评价  

Construction and Evaluation of Pre-Hospital Delay Risk Prediction Model for Acute Ischemic Stroke

作　　者：倪佃丽 陈晓兵 张广慧 彭庆荣 NI Dianli;CHEN Xiaobing;ZHANG Guanghui;PENG Qingrong(Department of Emergency,The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang(Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang),Lianyungang 222000,China;Department of Neurology,The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang(Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang),Lianyungang 222000,China)

机构地区：[1]连云港市第一人民医院(徐州医科大学附属连云港医院)急诊科,连云港222000 [2]连云港市第一人民医院(徐州医科大学附属连云港医院)神经内科

出　　处：《中国卒中杂志》2025年第4期428-434,共7页Chinese Journal of Stroke

基　　金：江苏省“333工程”科研项目(BRA2020265)。

摘　　要：目的分析急性缺血性卒中(acute ischemic stroke,AIS)院前延迟的影响因素并构建风险预测模型。方法选取2021年3月—2024年1月于连云港市第一人民医院就诊的AIS患者为研究对象,将其分为模型组和内部验证组,并根据院前延迟情况将模型组分为未延迟(<3.5 h)组和延迟(≥3.5 h)组。模型组的数据用以建立列线图模型,内部验证组的数据用以评估模型的泛化性能。采用多因素logistic回归分析AIS患者院前延迟的影响因素,采用R软件中rms程序包构建AIS患者院前延迟的列线图预测模型,并采用ROC曲线、校准曲线及Hosmer-Lemeshow检验评估模型预测效能,采用临床决策曲线评估其临床应用价值。结果共纳入268例AIS患者,其中141例(52.61%)患者发生院前延迟。在模型组患者中,与未延迟组相比,延迟组平均年龄较高(P<0.001),在农村居住(P=0.004)、夜间发病(P=0.018)、无意识障碍(P=0.004)及未接受疾病知识宣教(P=0.001)的占比显著较高。多因素logistic回归分析显示,高龄(OR 1.082,95%CI 1.038~1.128,P<0.001)、在农村居住(OR 3.201,95%CI 1.402~7.307,P=0.006)、夜间发病(OR 6.873,95%CI 2.809~16.815,P<0.001)、无意识障碍(OR 4.599,95%CI 1.934~10.940,P=0.001)以及未接受疾病知识宣教(OR 4.134,95%CI 1.927~8.866,P<0.001)为AIS患者院前延迟的独立危险因素。基于以上因素构建列线图模型,模型总得分越高,院前延迟风险越高。ROC曲线显示,模型预测院前延迟在模型组中的AUC为0.822(95%CI 0.763~0.880),在内部验证组中的AUC为0.844(95%CI 0.755~0.932)。此外,两组数据均通过Hosmer-Lemeshow检验。校准曲线显示,模型预测值与真实值较为一致。临床决策曲线显示,模型临床应用价值尚可。结论AIS患者院前延迟风险受年龄、居住地、发病时间、有无意识障碍及是否接受疾病知识宣教影响,在此基础上构建的模型预测效能良好。Objective To analyze the influencing factors of pre-hospital delay in acute ischemic stroke(AIS)and construct a risk prediction model.Methods AIS patients admitted to The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang from March 2021 to January 2024 were selected as research subjects.They were divided into the model group and the internal validation group.Based on pre-hospital delay conditions,the model group was further divided into the non-delayed(<3.5 h)group and the delayed(≥3.5 h)group.The data from the model group was used to establish a nomogram model,and the data from the internal validation group was used to assess the model’s generalization performance.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of pre-hospital delay in AIS patients.The rms package in R software was used to construct a nomogram prediction model for the pre-hospital delay of AIS patients.The ROC curve,calibration curve,and Hosmer-Lemeshow test were used to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the model,and the clinical decision curve was used to evaluate its clinical application value.Results A total of 268 patients with AIS were enrolled,among whom 141(52.61%)had pre-hospital delay.In patients of the model group,the delayed group was older on average(P<0.001)and had significantly higher proportions of the following characteristics:living in rural areas(P=0.004),nocturnal onset(P=0.018),without disturbance of consciousness(P=0.004),and not receiving disease knowledge education(P=0.001)compared with the non-delayed group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age(OR 1.082,95%CI 1.038-1.128,P<0.001),living in rural areas(OR 3.201,95%CI 1.402-7.307,P=0.006),nocturnal onset(OR 6.873,95%CI 2.809-16.815,P<0.001),without disturbance of consciousness(OR 4.599,95%CI 1.934-10.940,P=0.001),and not receiving disease knowledge education(OR 4.134,95%CI 1.927-8.866,P<0.001)were independent risk factors for pre-hospital delay in AIS patients.Based on these factors,a nomogram model was developed,with

关 键 词：急性缺血性卒中 院前延迟 影响因素 预测模型 

分 类 号：R74[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]