不同节流方式下的液体静压支承承载特性分析  

Analysis on Bearing Characteristics of Hydrostatic Support Under Different Throttling Modes

作　　者：詹金章 尹自强 胡呈武 谢靖 ZHAN Jinzhang;YIN Ziqiang;HU Chengwu;XIE Jing(School of Electromechanical Engineering,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou Guangdong 510006,China;State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment,Guangzhou Guangdong 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学机电工程学院,广东广州510006 [2]省部共建精密电子制造技术与装备国家重点实验室,广东广州510006

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2025年第4期58-64,共7页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51575520);2022年揭阳市科技创新发展专项(重大专项)(DZX098)。

摘　　要：对采用小孔和毛细管节流方式的液体静压支承进行理论分析,探究节流结构参数对液体静压支承承载特性的影响规律;通过有限元分析得到液体静压支承油膜的压力分布情况,通过实验测试液压支承的承载性能。结果表明:液压支承的承载特性受到节流器尺寸与油垫结构参数的综合影响;小孔和毛细管节流方式在15μm的初始油膜厚度和2 mm的封油边宽度下可获得最佳承载性能,在油腔深度大于100μm时可获得较佳的承载性能;在同样的油垫结构参数下,小孔节流方式的最大承载力和刚度较毛细管节流方式的分别提高了36%和39%;偏心率大于0.35时,小孔节流方式的刚度比毛细管节流方式的低,小孔节流方式比毛细管节流方式更适用于小偏心率的工况。Theoretical analysis was carried out on the hydrostatic support using orifice throttling and capillary throttling,and the influence of the throttling structure parameters on the bearing characteristics of hydrostatic support was obtained.The pressure distribution of the oil film of hydrostatic support was obtained through finite element analysis,and the bearing performances of the hydraulic support were tested through experiments.The results show that the bearing characteristics of the hydraulic support are comprehensively affected by the size of the throttle and the structural parameters of the oil pad.The small hole throttling and capillary throttling modes can obtain the best load carrying capacity at an initial oil film thickness of 15μm and an oil sealing edge width of 2 mm,and can obtain better bearing performance when the oil cavity depth is greater than 100μm.Under the same structural parameters of the oil pad,the maximum load carrying capacity and stiffness of the orifice throttling mode are increased by 36%and 39%respectively compared with those of capillary throttling mode.When the eccentricity is greater than 0.35,the stiffness of the orifice throttling mode is lower than that of the capillary throttling mode.The orifice throttling mode is more suitable for working conditions with small eccentricity than the capillary throttling mode.

关 键 词：液体静压支承 小孔节流 毛细管节流 承载力 刚度 

分 类 号：TH117[机械工程—机械设计及理论]