基于激光干涉仪的大型机床运动轴垂直度检测方法分析  

Analysis of Verticality Detection Method for Large Machine Tool Motion Axis Based on Laser Interferometer

作　　者：刘莹 赵红 刘芳 LIU Ying;ZHAO Hong;LIU Fang(General Technology Group Shenyang Machine Tool Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang Liaoning 110042,China)

机构地区：[1]通用技术集团沈阳机床有限责任公司,辽宁沈阳110042

出　　处：《机床与液压》2025年第7期47-50,共4页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

摘　　要：针对重大型机床加工范围广、运动行程长,传统方法无法有效检测任意两线性轴全行程范围内垂直度的问题,提出一种利用激光干涉仪测量机床两运动轴间对角线的方法。从原理分析了对角线垂直度检测方法的可行性,并介绍对角线垂直度检测所需测量设备及具体检测过程。同时,通过对比实验验证了该方法的有效性、准确性和可靠性。最后,深入分析了对角线垂直度检测法,阐明其优势和缺点。结果表明:相较于传统垂直度检测方法,该方法测量范围更大、检测效率更高,可应用于重大型机床的垂直度检测。In response to the problem of large machining range and motion stroke of major machine tools,which cannot effectively detect the verticality of any two linear axes within the full stroke range,a method of using a laser interferometer to measure the diagonal between the two motion axes of the machine tool was proposed.The feasibility of the diagonal verticality detection method was analyzed from a theoretical perspective,and the measuring equipment and specific detection process required for diagonal verticality detection were introduced.At the same time,the effectiveness,accuracy and reliability of the diagonal verticality detection method was verified through comparison.Finally,the diagonal verticality detection method was deeply analyzed,and its advantages and disadvantages were illustrated.The results show that compared with traditional verticality detection method,this method has a larger measurement range and higher detection efficiency,and can be applied to the verticality detection of heavy and large machine tools.

关 键 词：机床运动轴 对角线 垂直度检测 激光干涉仪 

分 类 号：TG536[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]